Repression, Civic Engagement, Internet Use, and Dissident Collective Action: the Interaction Between Motives and Resources (open access)

Repression, Civic Engagement, Internet Use, and Dissident Collective Action: the Interaction Between Motives and Resources

This dissertation investigates three questions: First, what conditions make dissident collective action such as protest, revolt, rebellion, or civil war more likely to happen in a country? Second, what conditions make citizens more likely to join in dissident collective action? Third, does Internet use play a role in dissident collective action, and if so, why? I argue that motives and resources are necessary rather than sufficient conditions for dissident collective action. I develop an analytical framework integrating motives and resources. Specifically, I theorize that state repression is an important motive, and that civil society is critical in providing resources. Four statistical analyses are conducted to test the hypotheses. Using aggregate level data on countries over time, I find that civil war is more likely to occur in countries where both state repression and civil society are strong. Moreover, the effect of civil society on civil war onset increases as the repression level rises. at the individual level using 2008 Latin American Public Opinion Project surveys from 23 Latin American and Caribbean countries, I find individuals more likely to join in protest when they experience both more repression and greater civic engagement. Moreover, civic engagement’s effect on protest participation increases as …
Date: May 2012
Creator: Wu, Jun-deh
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Way of Change and Surprise: A Strategic Cultural Analysis of China's South China Sea Policies from the 1930s to 2010s (open access)

The Way of Change and Surprise: A Strategic Cultural Analysis of China's South China Sea Policies from the 1930s to 2010s

This dissertation aims to discover the hidden pattern and rationales behind China's South China Sea policies over the last one hundred years from the perspective of Chinese strategic culture. A historical-cultural approach is a powerful tool in uncovering deeper understandings of the Chinese way of policy making and strategy on issues such as the South China Sea. The key research questions include: first, is there any historical legitimacy in China's sovereignty claim over the South China Sea islands? Second, do Beijing's South China Sea policies in various periods have any regularity or pattern, and how did they serve China's grand strategies at the time? By utilizing extensive Chinese and English primary sources and other sources, this study conducts a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the South China Sea issue from the framework of Chinese strategic culture.
Date: May 2023
Creator: Zhong, Wenrui
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
American Prisoners in the Barbary Nations, 1784-1816 (open access)

American Prisoners in the Barbary Nations, 1784-1816

Between 1784 and I8l6, all four Barbary nations had captured and enslaved Americans. Generally the pirates treated the imprisoned Americans harshly, but the aid the United States forwarded to them alleviated much of their suffering. During this period the prisoner issue played an important role in formulating American foreign policy in the Mediterranean because of America's keen commercial interest in that region and its benevolent attitude toward its own citizens. In return, those captive Americans in North Africa supplied their government with valuable intelligence, and, after liberation, some continued to serve their country in the Mediterranean area.
Date: May 1979
Creator: Wilson, Gary Edward
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
An Analysis of Propaganda in the Yellow Rain Controversy (open access)

An Analysis of Propaganda in the Yellow Rain Controversy

The use of arguments containing increasingly technical materials has grown significantly in the recent years. Specifically, arguments that are used to justify military expenditures or to allege violations of international agreements are becoming more sophisticated. This study examines the dissemination and use of technical argument in claims made by the United States government that the Soviet Union violated chemical and biological treaties in Southeast Asia and Afghanistan. This study employs the Jowett-O'Donnell method for analyzing propaganda to determine the extent and effectiveness of the government's claims. The study concludes that propaganda was used extensively by the government in order to justify new weapons programs and that the propaganda campaign was effective because of the technological orientation of its claims.
Date: May 1989
Creator: Rollins, Joel D. (Joel David)
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Gladstone, Egypt, and the Sudan, 1880-1885 (open access)

Gladstone, Egypt, and the Sudan, 1880-1885

This thesis examines the Egyptian and Sudanese policy of Gladstone's Second Ministry. Sources include microfilms of letters from the prime ministers to the Queen, and Cabinet papers. Essential were Hansard, The Times, and Herslet, as well as biographical and autobiographical studies of the persons involved. The thesis narrates the Egyptian events preceding the formation of Gladstone's Ministry. It then discusses the revolt in Egypt, which resulted in British occupation, and the Mahdi's rebellion in the Sudan, which led to the fall of Khartoum. The thesis concludes that Gladstone failed because he did not want Britain to be in Egypt or the Sudan. Therefore, there was no consistent policy, and his failures were among the elements that led to the fall of his Government.
Date: May 1975
Creator: Hammonds, Nancy Jones
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Persistence of Antebellum Planter Families in Postbellum East Texas (open access)

The Persistence of Antebellum Planter Families in Postbellum East Texas

The effect of the Civil War and Reconstruction on the southern planter elite remains a topic of interest to historians. Did the war ruin the planter class? Or, did they maintain economic, geographic, or social persistence? This study focuses on the persistence from 1850 to 1880 of five East Texas large planter families who owned one hundred or more slaves in 1860. An analysis of data primarily from county, state, and federal records formthe basis of this study. Four families persisted as wealthy influential members of their postbellum communities. One family remained geographically persistent but not wealthy. The experiences of these families suggest that large East Texas planter families found it possible to persist in spite of the Civil War and Reconstruction.
Date: May 1998
Creator: Newland, Linda Sue
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Texas Republican. (Marshall, Tex.), Vol. 19, No. 42, Ed. 1 Friday, May 22, 1868 (open access)

The Texas Republican. (Marshall, Tex.), Vol. 19, No. 42, Ed. 1 Friday, May 22, 1868

Weekly newspaper from the Marshall, Texas area that includes local, state and national news along with and advertising.
Date: May 22, 1868
Creator: Loughery, Robert W. & McCutchan, A. D.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
An Agonizing Evolution: a History of the Texas National Guard, 1900-1945 (open access)

An Agonizing Evolution: a History of the Texas National Guard, 1900-1945

The National Guard in America began in the Revolutionary War. The Texas units resulted from the earlier concept and emerged in 1835 to resist Mexican oppression. Following achievement of statehood, Texas militiamen served in the Mexican War, the Civil War, and the Spanish-American War. As the twentieth century began, Texans had a long history of service in reserve military organizations in spite of a prevailing attitude of contempt for citizen soldiers held by influential regular army officials.
Date: May 1979
Creator: Milner, Elmer Ray
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Libertines Real and Fictional in Rochester, Shadwell, Wycherley, and Boswell (open access)

Libertines Real and Fictional in Rochester, Shadwell, Wycherley, and Boswell

Libertines Real and Fictional in Rochester, Shadwell, Wycherley, and Boswell examines the Restoration and eighteenth-century libertine figure as it appears in John Wilmot, Second Earl of Rochester's Satyr against Mankind, "The Maim'd Debauchee," and "Upon His Drinking a Bowl," Thomas Shadwell's The Libertine, William Wycherley's The Country Wife, and James Boswell's London Journal, 1762-1763. I argue that the limitations and self-contradictions of standard definitions of libertinism and the ways in which libertine protagonists and libertinism in general function as critiques of libertinism. Moreover, libertine protagonists and poetic personae reinterpret libertinism to accommodate their personal agendas and in doing so, satirize the idea of libertinism itself and identify the problematization of "libertinism" as a category of gender and social identity. That is, these libertines misinterpret-often deliberately-Hobbes to justify their opposition and refusal to obey social institutions-e.g., eventually marrying and engaging in a monogamous relationship with one's wife-as well as their endorsement of obedience to nature or sense, which can include embracing a libertine lifestyle in which one engages in sexual encounters with multiple partners, refuses marriage, and questions the existence of God or at least distrusts any sort of organized religion. Since any attempts to define the word "libertinism"-or at least …
Date: May 2008
Creator: Smith, Victoria
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
George Washington's Development as an Espionage Chief (open access)

George Washington's Development as an Espionage Chief

The American Revolution was a war of movement over great distances. Timely intelligence regarding the strength and location of the enemy was vital to the commanders on both sides. Washington gained his early experience in intelligence gathering in the wilderness during the French and Indian War. By the end of the American Revolution, Washington had become a skilled manager of intelligence. He sent agents behind enemy lines, recruited tory intelligence sources, questioned travelers for information, and initiated numerous espionage missions. Many heroic patriots gathered the intelligence that helped win the War for Independence. Their duties required many of them to pose as one of the enemy, and often incur the hatred of friends and neighbors. Some gave their lives in helping to establish the new American nation. It is possible that without Washington's intelligence service, American independence might not have been won.
Date: May 1993
Creator: Ritchey, David (David Benjamin
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Daily State Journal. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 2, No. 88, Ed. 1 Tuesday, May 9, 1871 (open access)

Daily State Journal. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 2, No. 88, Ed. 1 Tuesday, May 9, 1871

Daily newspaper from Austin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 9, 1871
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Rebels, from the Beginning to the End: Rebel Origins and the Dynamics of Civil Conflicts (open access)

Rebels, from the Beginning to the End: Rebel Origins and the Dynamics of Civil Conflicts

This dissertation addresses the puzzle of whether rebel group origins have an effect on rebel wartime behavior and the broader dynamics of civil conflict. Using a quantitative approach over three empirical chapters I study the relationship between rebel origins and conflict onset, duration and intensity, and wartime group capacity. Two qualitative cases examine the relationship between rebel origins, wartime group capacity, and adaptation during war, further unpacking the theoretical mechanisms linking group origins and conflict dynamics. I posit that rebel groups emerge from pre-existing organizations and networks that vary along military and civilian dimensions and condition the development of military and mobilization capacity of their successor insurgent groups. Groups with more developed militarization and mobilization mechanisms prior to conflict are likely to enter into civil conflict earlier in their existence and fight in longer and bloodier conflicts. I also find a strong relationship between origins characteristics and the development of military and civilian wartime capacity. Origins exert a strong legacy effect on the type and strength of intra-war capability, indicating that significant rebel adaptation is difficult.
Date: May 2020
Creator: Widmeier, Michael W.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Anglo-American Relations and the Problems of a Jewish State, 1945- 1948 (open access)

Anglo-American Relations and the Problems of a Jewish State, 1945- 1948

This thesis is concerned with determining the effect of the establishment of a Jewish state on Anglo-American relations and the policies of their governments. This work covers the period from the awarding of the Palestine Mandate to Great Britain, through World War II, and concentrates on the post-war events up to the foundation of the state of Israel. It uses major governmental documents, as well as those of the United Nations, the archival materials at the Harry S. Truman Library, and the memoirs of the major participants in the Palestine drama. This study concludes that, while the Palestine problem presented ample opportunities for disunity, the Anglo-American relationship suffered no permanently damaging effects.
Date: May 1987
Creator: Peterson, Jody L.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
The United States Supreme Court's Volitional Agendas, 1801-1993: Historical Claims versus Empirical Findings (open access)

The United States Supreme Court's Volitional Agendas, 1801-1993: Historical Claims versus Empirical Findings

In this study, I examined the Supreme Court's agenda from 1801 to 1993 to determine the composition and dynamics of the issues that have dominated the business of the Court. Specifically, I set out to test empirically Robert G. McCloskey's (now standard) characterization of the Supreme Court's history, which sees it as dominated by nationalism/federalism issues before the Civil War, by economic issues just after the War through the 1930s, and by civil rights and liberties since the 1930s. The question that drove my investigation was "Is McCloskey's interpretation, which appears to be based on the great cases of Supreme Court history, an accurate description of the agenda represented in the Supreme Court's total body of reported decisions?" To test McCloskey's historical theses I employed concepts adapted from Richard Pacelle's (1991) important work on the agenda of post-Roosevelt Court and used the methods of classical historical analysis and of interrupted time-series analysis. Data for my research came from existing datasets and from my own collection (I coded the manifest content of thousands of Supreme Court's decisions from 1887 back to 1801). The most important finding from my analyses is that McCloskey not withstanding, the pre-Civil War Supreme Court's agenda was …
Date: May 2000
Creator: Ogundele, Ayodeji O.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Dallas Herald. (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 15, No. 35, Ed. 1 Saturday, May 16, 1868 (open access)

Dallas Herald. (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 15, No. 35, Ed. 1 Saturday, May 16, 1868

Daily newspaper from Dallas, Texas that includes local, state and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 16, 1868
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History

The United States Occupation of Mexico City, 1847-1848

The expansionist agenda of the Polk administration culminated in the War with Mexico. The capture of Mexico City in September 1847 left the United States Army with the unprecedented task of occupying an enemy capital for an extended period. After the initial theaters of operation proved unable to secure a peace, Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott commenced a campaign to take central Mexico including the capital city. In March 1847, an army of 11,000 soldiers under Scott landed at Vera Cruz. In six months, Scott's army marched over 250 miles and won five major battles. In mid-September, Scott took Mexico City. Throughout the campaign, Scott attempted to implement a pacification plan in an effort to prompt Mexico to open peace negotiations. Concern for his army weighed heavily on him as he faced unprecedented challenges in occupying Mexico City after its capture. The United States simply had almost no experience in the ramifications of fighting a foreign war, other than a few brief small-scale incursions onto foreign soil at Tripoli in 1805 and in British Canada. The difficulties that arose for Scott from the situation in Mexico were frustrating. Scott pacification plan used conciliation, coercion, and force on Mexico's army and people …
Date: May 2022
Creator: Onyon, David E
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte, comte de Guibert: Father of the Grande Armée (open access)

Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte, comte de Guibert: Father of the Grande Armée

The eighteenth century was a time of intense upheaval in France. The death of Louis XIV in 1715 and the subsequent reign of Louis XV saw the end of French political and martial hegemony on the continent. While French culture and language remained dominant in Europe, Louis XV's disinterested rule and military stagnation led to the disastrous defeat of the French army at the hands of Frederick the Great of Prussia in the Seven Years War (1756-1763). The battle of Rossbach marked the nadir of the French army in the Seven Years War. Frederick's army routed the French infantry that had bumbled its way into massed Prussian cavalry. Following the war, two reformist elements emerged in the army. Reformers within the government, chiefly Etienne François, duc de Choiseul, sought to rectify the army's poor performance and reconstitute France's military establishment. Outside the traditional army structure, military thinkers looked to military theory to reinvigorate the army from within and without. Foremost among the latter was a young officer named Jacques-Antoine-Hippolyte de Guibert, whose 1772 Essai général de tactique quickly became the most celebrated work of theory in European military circles. The Essai provided a new military constitution for France, proposing wholesale …
Date: May 2011
Creator: Abel, Jonathan, 1985-
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
A History of Smith County, Texas (open access)

A History of Smith County, Texas

This paper explores the history of Smith County in Texas. Smith County is located in the pine and post oak belts of Northeastern Texas and is the fourth county southward from the Oklahoma boundary and the third county westward from the Louisiana state line. It covers its topographical features, early Native American life, its Cherokees occupation along with their expulsion, Smith's County's establishment, it's status as a frontier, its ante-bellum period, it's place in the civil war and during reconstruction, industrial revolution, and its conditions during WWI and WWII.
Date: May 1944
Creator: Ward, William R.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Slaves and Slaveholders in the Choctaw Nation: 1830-1866 (open access)

Slaves and Slaveholders in the Choctaw Nation: 1830-1866

Racial slavery was a critical element in the cultural development of the Choctaws and was a derivative of the peculiar institution in southern states. The idea of genial and hospitable slave owners can no more be conclusively demonstrated for the Choctaws than for the antebellum South. The participation of Choctaws in the Civil War and formal alliance with the Confederacy was dominantly influenced by the slaveholding and a connection with southern identity, but was also influenced by financial concerns and an inability to remain neutral than a protection of the peculiar institution. Had the Civil War not taken place, the rate of Choctaw slave ownership possibly would have reached the level of southern states and the Choctaws would be considered part of the South.
Date: May 2009
Creator: Fortney, Jeffrey L., Jr.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Portrait of an Age: The Political Career of Stephen W. Dorsey, 1868-1889 (open access)

Portrait of an Age: The Political Career of Stephen W. Dorsey, 1868-1889

This study traces the public life of Stephen Dorsey chronologically from his service in the Civil War to the end of his political career, which came with his failure to have a friend appointed governor of New Mexico Territory in 1889. Traditional interpretations of Dorsey are based on a combination of scant evidence, carpetbagger stereotypes, and the assumption that he was guilty of masterminding the monumental swindle of the Star Route Frauds. Closer examination of Dorsey's public life, however, reveals that this traditional view is distorted. A major conclusion of this study is that the assumption on which most traditional views of Dorsey are based, that he was the mastermind behind the Star Route Frauds, is not supported by the evidence. This study shows that it is impossible to study a Gilded Age political figure without also considering his business interests. Many of Dorsey's political activities, for example his involvement in the Compromise of 1877, can be traced to his business enterprises. Although Dorsey was not entirely innocent in the frauds, he was not guilty of the crimes with which the government charged him. This study also concludes that Dorsey was left vulnerable to the prosecution which ended his career …
Date: May 1980
Creator: Lowry, Sharon K.
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
A Century of Ash (open access)

A Century of Ash

Contained within is a sample, consisting of the first twelve chapters, which portray the final days of the fictional Polian War. The events are a springboard for the rest of the novel, and indeed the series.
Date: May 2020
Creator: Kusch, Zachary
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Shift of the Egyptian Alliance from the Soviet Union to the United States, 1970-1981 (open access)

The Shift of the Egyptian Alliance from the Soviet Union to the United States, 1970-1981

The purpose of this study is to examine internal and external factors affecting the Egyptian-Soviet alliance during the period under investigation. Chapter I provides background information on Egyptian-Soviet relations, and in Chapter II important developments in those relations are outlined. Chapter III examines the October War of 1973 and Soviet policy during the war. Chapter IV traces efforts to reach a settlement in the Middle East, highlighting the role of the United States in the negotiations. Finally, Chapter V demonstrates that Egypt, like other small nations, has not surrendered its interests to the aims of either of the superpowers.
Date: May 1986
Creator: Rashdan, Abdelfattah A. (Abdelfattah Ali)
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Daily State Journal. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 95, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 19, 1870 (open access)

Daily State Journal. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 95, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 19, 1870

Daily newspaper from Austin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 19, 1870
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Daily State Journal. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 2, No. 90, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 11, 1871 (open access)

Daily State Journal. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 2, No. 90, Ed. 1 Thursday, May 11, 1871

Daily newspaper from Austin, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 11, 1871
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History