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Correspondence of the Gardner and van Genuchten/Mualem relativepermeability function parameters
The Gardner and van Genuchten models of relativepermeability are widely used in analytical and numerical solutions toflow problems. However, the applicab ility of the Gardner model to realproblems is usually limited, because empirical relative permeability datato calibrate the model are not routinely available. In contrast, vanGenuchten parameters can be estimated using more routinely availablematric potential and saturation data. However, the van Genuchten model isnot amenable to analytical solutions. In this paper, we introducegeneralized conversion formulae that reconcile these two models. Ingeneral, we find that the Gardner parameter alpha G is related to the vanGenuchten parameters alpha vG and n by alpha G=alpha vG ~; 1:3 n. Thisconversion rule will allow direct recasting of Gardner-based analyticalsolutions in the van Genuchten parameter space. The validity of theproposed formulae was tested by comparing the predicted relativepermeability of various porous media with measured values.
Date:
January 3, 2007
Creator:
Ghezzehei, Teamrat A.; Kneafsey, Timothy J. & Su, Grace W.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measurement of the w and z cross sections in the electron channel for p anti-p collisions at s**(1/2) = 1.96 TeV and extraction of the w total width from the ratio
This dissertation presents measurements of the inclusive production cross sections for W and Z gauge bosons decaying through the electron channel with p{bar p} collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV. The ratio of these cross sections is then used to extract the W total width. The Standard Model (SM) of electroweak and strong interactions is a collection of theories which together encompass what is currently known about the elementary particles that make up matter and the forces through which they interact. Experimentalists are constantly searching for violations of the Standard Model by making precision measurements of predicted interactions. The decay of the W boson is one such interaction. The rate of its decay is reflected in its width which is predicted to high precision using Standard Model-based calculations. Therefore, a high precision experimental width measurement would be very sensitive to any such violation. In principle the W and Z boson production cross sections could also be good Standard Model tests. However, a precise knowledge of integrated luminosity is required which is unfortunately difficult to obtain at the Tevatron. In fact, the W and Z cross section results can be used to obtain a more precise luminosity measurement. The …
Date:
January 1, 2005
Creator:
Gardner, John Michael
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
THE FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Pu-1.0 w/o Ga DELTA-STABILIZED PLUTONIUM
None
Date:
January 22, 1965
Creator:
Gardner, H.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Simulations of RF capture with barrier bucket in booster at injection
As part of the effort to increase the number of ions per bunch in RHIC, a new scheme for RF capture of EBIS ions in Booster at injection has been developed. The scheme was proposed by M. Blaskiewicz and J.M. Brennan. It employs a barrier bucket to hold a half turn of beam in place during capture into two adjacent harmonic 4 buckets. After acceleration, this allows for 8 transfers of 2 bunches from Booster into 16 buckets on the AGS injection porch. During the Fall of 2011 the necessary hardware was developed and implemented by the RF and Controls groups. The scheme is presently being commissioned by K.L. Zeno with Au32+ ions from EBIS. In this note we carry out simulations of the RF capture. These are meant to serve as benchmarks for what can be achieved in practice. They also allow for an estimate of the longitudinal emittance of the bunches on the AGS injection porch.
Date:
January 23, 2012
Creator:
Gardner, C. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
User needs: is a survey the answer
Some of the ramifications of user needs, user satisfaction, and the survey as a shaper of library policy are discussed. The presentation is in three parts: philosophical thinking on user needs and satisfaction, a modest tutorial on survey methodology, and a brief review of the Sandia National Laboratory Technical Library's use of surveys for information gathering and decision making. (RWR)
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
Gardner, J.L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Audio-magnetotelluric data log and station location map for Monroe-Joseph Known Geothermal Resource Area, Utah
The station locations are mapped and the observed apparent resistivity in ohm-meters is tabulated for each location over the frequency range of 7.5 to 18,600 cycles/sec. (WHK)
Date:
January 1, 1976
Creator:
Gardner, S.; Williams, J. M. & Brougham, G. W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
INTERACTIONS OF DETONATION WAVES IN CONDENSED EXPLOSIVES
None
Date:
January 1, 1965
Creator:
Gardner, S.D. & Wackerle, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experimental database and design concept for a 1-MW, 200-keV neutral-beam line based on a SITEX negative ion source
Scaling studies for a SITEX negative ion source to produce 200-keV, 10-A, long pulse D/sup -/ beams are under way at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Designs have been restricted to the use of established techniques and reasonably well-demonstrated scaling. The results show that the 1-A SITEX source can be directly scaled to produce 200-keV, 10-A long pulse ion beams with a source power efficiency of less than or equal to 5 kW of total plasma generator power per ampere of D/sup -/ beam generated. Extracted electron-to-D/sup -/ ratios should be less than or equal to 0.06, with all extracted electrons recovered at less than or equal to 10% of the first gap potential energy difference. The close-coupled accelerating structure will be 5 cm long and have five electrodes with 21 slits each, with a 50-kV/cm field in each gap.
Date:
January 1, 1983
Creator:
Dagenhart, W. K.; Gardner, W. L.; Stirling, W. L. & Whealton, J. H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Electrode design and performance of the ORNL positive ion sources
The neutral beam development group at ORNL has designed, constructed, and shipped four 50-kV, 100-A sources to PPPL to be used for neutral beam heating of the confined plasma on the PDX tokamak. These sources have higher current capability than scaled-down sources, and they are required to run for 0.5 s as opposed to the 0.3-s requirement for PLT and ISX-B sources. Due to an innovative electrode design, these higher power sources met these requirements and achieved a higher transmission efficiency - 76% of the total input power on target vs 60% for the original ISX-B and modified PLT sources or 40% for the original PLT sources. As a consequence, a power of 2 MW of neutrals to the torus target was achieved; this is a record for measured neutral power and exceeds that of any other power source expected to be used on such advanced tokamaks as TFTR and D-III. A theoretical consideration of the relevant Poisson-Vlasov equations for ions extracted from a plasma was used to optimize the ion optics. Using the same electrode design with a tetraode accelerating structure and a new, indirectly heated cathode, repeatable long pulse, high energy conditions of 70 kV, 7 A, 8 …
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
Whealton, J.H.; Gardner, W.L. & Haselton, H.H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effects of Some 3d and 4d Solutes on the Superconductivity of Technetium
None
Date:
January 1, 1972
Creator:
Koch, C. C.; Gardner, W. E. & Mortimer, M. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Color Transparency and the Energy Evolution of Final-State Interactions in Charmonium Photoproduction
None
Date:
January 1, 1991
Creator:
Gardner, A. & Gardner, Susan
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ORNL 150 keV neutral beam test facility
The 150 keV neutral beam test facility provides for the testing and development of neutral beam injectors and beam systems of the class that will be needed for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) and The Next Step (TNS). The test facility can simulate a complete beam line injection system and can provide a wide range of experimental operating conditions. Herein is offered a general description of the facility's capabilities and a discussion of present system performance.
Date:
January 1, 1977
Creator:
Gardner, W.L.; Kim, J.; Menon, M.M. & Schilling, G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pulsed laser stereo photography of electrically exploded bridges
A technique is described for obtaining short exposure (approximately 8 ns) high resolution photomicrographs of electrically exploded bridges using a pulsed laser for bridge illumination and band-pass filters to eliminate the intense self light. Two cameras are described, one for a small field of view (approximately 1 mm) and one for a relatively large field of view (approximately 20 mm). A carbon disulfide cell and a fiber-optic light guide are used to essentially eliminate speckle, which normally limits the resolution of laser photographs of diffuse surfaces. A series of photomicrographs showing the detailed burst characteristics of both flat and round bridges are shown.
Date:
January 1, 1976
Creator:
Seitz, W. L. & Gardner, S. D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Studies of Charged Particle Distributions in an Electrostatic Confinement System. Progress Report, 1 November 1971--31 January 1976
Microwave cavity techniques were used to measure electron density in a spherical, inertial-electrostatic confinement device using six ion guns. The density was roughly proportional to ion current (1 to 17 mA) and decreased somewhat with increasing ion energy (10 to 37 keV). With D$sub 2$ pressure decrease from 10 to 3 mTorr, n/sub e/ decreased faster than linearly and below approximately 3 mTorr decreased linearly with pressure down to the lowest pressure of 0.4 mTorr. At 1 mTorr and 10 mA, measurements (with poor spatial resolution) were consistent with 10$sup 10$ total electrons and a central n/sub e/ of 10$sup 9$ electrons/cm$sup 3$. Neutron flux (at 50 keV) was about one sixth that of Hirsch (J. Appl. Phys. 38, 4522 (1967)). Six- vs. three-gun operation showed a small enhancement of both n/sub e/ and neutron flux that may indicate some particle trapping.
Date:
January 1, 1976
Creator:
Gardner, A. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
GRAIN REFINEMENT PRODUCED BY AN ALPHA PHASE ANNEAL OF BETA PHASE HEAT TREATED AND WATER QUENCHED URANIUM
During an experiment involving alpha phase annealing (at 610 to 655 deg C for 5 and 10 min) of beta-quenched uranium, it was determined that the relatively coarse, irregular shaped grains (0.08 to 0.150 mm in diameter) in the beta-quenched structure, were replaced by fine equiaxed grains (0.04 to 0.09 mm in diameter). (auth)
Date:
January 1, 1955
Creator:
Gardner, H.R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Reservoir enhancement on the impermeable margins of productive geothermal fields
This is the final report of a one-year, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at the Los Alamos national Laboratory (LANL). The overall goal of the project was to evaluate the performance of Los Alamos technology in selected geothermal fields, to adapt the technology to the existing industry infrastructure where necessary, and to facilitate its application through demonstration and communication. The primary specific objective was to identify, collaborate, and partner with geothermal energy- producing companies in an evaluation of the application of Los Alamos microseismic mapping technology for locating fracture permeability in producing geothermal fields.
Date:
January 1, 1997
Creator:
Goff, S.; Gardner, J.; Dreesen, D. & Whitney, E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of a thermoacoustic natural gas liquefier.
Praxair, in conjunction with the Los Alamos National Laboratory, is developing a new technology, thermoacoustic heat engines and refrigerators, for liquefaction of natural gas. This is the only technology capable of producing refrigeration power at cryogenic temperatures with no moving parts. A prototype, with a projected natural gas liquefaction capacity of 500 gallons/day, has been built and tested. The power source is a natural gas burner. Systems will be developed with liquefaction capacities up to 10,000 to 20,000 gallons per day. The technology, the development project, accomplishments and applications are discussed. In February 2001 Praxair, Inc. purchased the acoustic heat engine and refrigeration development program from Chart Industries. Chart (formerly Cryenco, which Chart purchased in 1997) and Los Alamos had been working on the technology development program since 1994. The purchase included assets and intellectual property rights for thermoacoustically driven orifice pulse tube refrigerators (TADOPTR), a new and revolutionary Thermoacoustic Stirling Heat Engine (TASHE) technology, aspects of Orifice Pulse Tube Refrigeration (OPTR) and linear motor compressors as OPTR drivers. Praxair, in cooperation with Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), the licensor of the TADOPTR and TASHE patents, is continuing the development of TASHE-OPTR natural gas powered, natural gas liquefiers. The liquefaction …
Date:
January 1, 2002
Creator:
Wollan, John J.; Swift, Gregory W.; Backhaus, Scott N. & Gardner, David L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
PAC (perturbed angular correlation) perturbation factor for spin 5/2 nuclei subject to a rapidly fluctuation EFC (electric field gradient)
We report numerical computations of the PAC perturbation factor G{sub 2}(t) for spin 5/2 nuclei subject to a static EFG symmetric about the z-axis and an additional axially-symmetric EFG hose symmetry axis fluctuates randomly among the x,y,z directions. For sufficiently large fluctuation rates, the numerical results are described by the expression for the static interaction alone with the addition of relaxation terms. Results of applying this model to {sup 111}Cd TDPAC measurements on tetragonal ZrO{sub 2} are described briefly. The model allows one to evaluate the probability that oxygen vacancies are trapped, the energy of association of vacancy-metal pairs, and the vacancy activation energy of motion. 4 refs., 3 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1990
Creator:
Evenson, W. E.; McKale, A. G.; Su, H. T. & Gardner, J. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Spectral shaping and phase control of a fast-wave current drive antenna array
The requirements for antenna design and phase control circuitry for a fast-wave current drive (FWCD) array operating in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies are considered. The design of a phase control system that can operate at arbitrary phasing over a wide range of plasma-loading and strap-coupling values is presented for a four-loop antenna array, prototypical of an array planned for the DIII-D tokamak (General Atomics, San Diego, California). The goal is to maximize the power launched with the proper polarization for current drive while maintaining external control of phase. Since it is desirable to demonstrate the feasibility of FWCD prior to ITER, a four-strap array has been designed for DIII-D to operate with the existing 2-MW transmitter at 60 MHz. 3 refs., 6 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1989
Creator:
Baity, F. W.; Gardner, W. L.; Goulding, R. H.; Hoffman, D. J. & Ryan, P. M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
History and results of VC-1, the first CSDP corehole in Valles caldera, New Mexico
Valles Caldera No. 1 (VC-1) is the first Continental Scientific Drilling Program (CSDP) corehole drilled in the Valles caldera and the first continuously cored hole in the caldera region. The objectives of VC-1 were to penetrate a hydrothermal outflow plume near its source, to obtain structural and stratigraphic information near the intersection of the ring-fracture zone and the pre-caldera Jemez fault zone, and to core the youngest volcanic unit inside the caldera (Banco Bonito obsidian, 0.13 Ma). VC-1 penetrates 298 m of moat volcanics and caldera-fill ignimbrites, 35 m of pre-caldera volcaniclastic breccia, and 523 m of Paleozoic carbonates, sandstones and shales, with over 95% core recovery. Hydrothermal alterations are concentrated in sheared, brecciated and fractured zones from the volcaniclastic breccia to total depth with both the intensity and rank of alterations increasing with depth. Alterations consist primarily of clays, calcite, pyrite, quartz, and chlorite, but chalcopyrite has been identified as high as 518 m and molybdenite has been identified in a fractured zone at 847 m. Thermal aquifers were penetrated at various intervals from about 510 m on down. 11 refs., 5 figs.
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Goff, F.; Rowley, J.; Gardner, J.N.; Hawkins, W.; Goff, S.; Pisto, L. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Structural safety features for superconducting magnets
A survey has been carried out for various potential structural safety problems of superconducting fusion magnets. These areas include: (1) Stresses due to inhomogeneous temperature distributions in magnets where normal regions have been initiated. (2) Stress distributions and yield forces due to cracks and failed regions. (3) Superconducting magnet response due to seismic excitation. These analyses have been carried out using a variety of large capacity finite element computer codes that allow for the evaluation of stresses in elastic or elastic-plastic zones and around singularities in the magnet structure. Thus far, these analyses have been carried out on UWMAK-I type magnet systems. (auth)
Date:
January 1, 1975
Creator:
Lehner, J.; Reich, M.; Powell, J.; Bezler, P.; Gardner, D.; Yu, W. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The ICRF antennas for TFTR
Two compact loop antennas have been designed to provide ion cyclotron resonant frequency (ICRF) heating for TFTR. The antennas can convey a total of 10 MW to accomplish core heating in either high-density or high-temperature plasmas. The near-term goal of heating TFTR plasmas and the longer-term goals of ease in handling (for remote maintenance) and high reliability (in an inaccessible tritium tokamak environment) were major considerations in the antenna designs. The compact loop configuration facilitates handling because the antennas fit completely through their ports. Conservative design and extensive testing were used to attain the reliability required for TFTR. This paper summarizes how these antennas will accomplish these goals. 5 figs, 1 tab.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Hoffman, D. J.; Colestock, P. L.; Gardner, W. L.; Hosea, J. C.; Nagy, A.; Stevens, J. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Report on the Carpenter Ridge District, Dolores Plateau Area, Colorado
A report on the survey of ore deposits in the Carpenter Ridge District, Dolores Plateau Area, Colorado.
Date:
January 1946
Creator:
Miller, Gardner B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Studies of Charged-Particle Distributions in an Electrostatic Confinement System. Progress Report, November 1, 1971--July 31, 1972
None
Date:
January 1, 1972
Creator:
Gardner, A. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library