On the Gallows' Edge: Capital Punishment, Appeals, and Presidential Clemency in Indian Territory, 1896-1907 (open access)

On the Gallows' Edge: Capital Punishment, Appeals, and Presidential Clemency in Indian Territory, 1896-1907

This article continues Von Creel's study of the administration of justice in Indian Territory courts and expands upon the application of capital punishment. Von Creel details the cases of nine individuals who were convicted of capital crimes but who escaped hanging. Their stories involve the complicated legal processes of appeal, application for presidential clemency, commutation of sentence, and post-verdict motions.
Date: Summer 2006
Creator: Creel, Von Russell
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"We Surely Gave Them an Uplift": Taylor F. Ealy and the Mission School for Freedmen (open access)

"We Surely Gave Them an Uplift": Taylor F. Ealy and the Mission School for Freedmen

Article describes the efforts of Taylor F. Ealy and his wife Mary Ealy to begin a school for African-American residents freed by the Chickasaws at the abandoned site of Fort Arbuckle. Norman J. Bender includes documentation from the Ealy family and correspondence from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Edward P. Smith, to create a more wholistic picture of the process.
Date: Summer 1983
Creator: Bender, Norman J.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
“The Golden Days”: Taylor and Mary Ealy, Citizenship, and the Freedmen of Chickasaw Indian Territory, 1874–77 (open access)

“The Golden Days”: Taylor and Mary Ealy, Citizenship, and the Freedmen of Chickasaw Indian Territory, 1874–77

Article explores the freedmen's struggle for identity in Indian Territory during Reconstruction through the impressions and observations of Presbyterian missionaries Taylor and Mary Ealy.
Date: Spring 2014
Creator: Cain, Ellen
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History