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Lead-Zinc Mining--Evaluation of Plantings
Photograph of the area around the Eagle-Pichers Mine, Picher, Oklahoma. Slimes Pond Evaluation of plantings in Commerce, Oklahoma. This is a view of the IMCO mulch tiller manufactured by the Independent Manufacturing Company, Neodasha, Kansas, as used on the Eagle-Picher Slimes Pond hay mulching operation. Note the iron which weighs some 60 to 70 pounds each. These served to put pressure on the treader adequate to press hay into sand. Three tons of hay mulch per year were applied and anchored following the planting of a native grass seed mixture prepared by the Soil Conservation Service Plant Materials Center, Manhattan, Kansas. OK-3013-6.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bennett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Lead-Zinc Mining--Evaluation of Plantings
Photograph of the area around the Eagle-Pichers Mine, Picher, Oklahoma. Slimes Pond Evaluation of plantings in Commerce, Oklahoma. This is a view of the IMCO mulch tiller manufactured by the Independent Manufacturing Company, Neodasha, Kansas, as used on the Eagle-Picher Slimes Pond hay mulching operation. Note the iron which weighs some 60 to 70 pounds each. These served to put pressure on the treader adequate to press hay into sand. Three tons of hay mulch per year were applied and anchored following the planting of a native grass seed mixture prepared by the Soil Conservation Service Plant Materials Center, Manhattan, Kansas. OK-3013-5.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bennett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Lead-Zinc Mining
Photograph of Slimes Pond, Eagle-Pichers Mine, Picher, Oklahoma. Weeping Lovegrass broadcast seeded on 3-20-67 on blow drigt along snow fence north end of fields 1, 2, 3. Broadcast fertilized 400 pounds 10-20-10 per year at planting time. West end (foreground) top-dressed 300 pounds per year of 10-20-10 fertilizer on 10 August 1976. Overseeded with native grass mixture (Vinita harvest) 3-26-68. OK-3013-9.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bennett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Lead-Zinc Mining
Photograph of Slimes Pond, Eagle-Pichers Mine, Picher, Oklahoma. Field # 9 with hay mulch applied on 4-1-68. This 0.8 acre area was first seeded to a mixture of native grasses assembled by the Manhattan Plant Materials Center. It was then mulched with prairie hay at 3 tons per acre. This was anchored with an IMCO disc treader (mulch tiller) pulled from a farm row tractor. Note the water standing where tractor tires force the parched water table to the surface. 250 pound 10-20-10 fertilizer top-dressed immediately after mulching. OK-3013-16.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bennett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Lead-Zinc Mining
Photograph of Slimes Pond, Eagle-Pichers Mine, Picher, Oklahoma. Cover of annual rye drilled 9-25-67 on blow drift area north of fields 1, 2, 3 between snow fences. Fertilized with 250 pounds of 10-20-10 fertilizer per year at planting time. Top-dressed with 250 pounds of 33-0-0 fertilizer per year in February 1968. Broadcast seeded to Big Sandreed (Calamovilfa gigantea) and broadcast fertilized with 400 pounds of 33-0-0 fertilizer per year on 3-26-68. Seed and fertilizer not covered. OK-3013-3.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bennett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Lead-Zinc Mining--Evaluation of Plantings
Photograph of the area around the Eagle-Pichers Mine, Picher, Oklahoma. Slimes Pond Evaluation of plantings in Commerce, Oklahoma. Field # 9 with hay mulch applied on 4-1-68. This 0.8 acre area was first seeded to a mixture of native grasses assembled by the Manhattan Plant Materials Center. It was then mulched with prairie hay at 3 tons per acre. This was anchored with an IMCO disc treader (mulch tiller) pulled from a farm row tractor. Note the water standing where tractor tires force the parched water table to the surface. 250 pound 10-20-10 fertilizer top-dressed immediately after mulching. OK-3013-16.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bennett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Farming Equipment and Methods
Photograph of a view of the IMCO mulch tiller manufactured by the Independent Manufacturing Company, Neodesha, Kansas, as used on the Eagle-Picher Slimes Pond hay mulching operation. Note the iron which weighs some 60 to 70 pounds, each. These served to put pressure on treader adequate to press hay into sand. Three tons of hay mulch per year were applied and anchored following the planting of a native grass seed mixture prepared by the Soil Conservation Service Plant Materials Center, Manhattan, Kansas. OK-3013-6.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bennett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Lead-Zinc Mining
Photograph of Slimes Pond, Eagle-Pichers Mine, Picher, Oklahoma. Field #7 after traffic during operation of applying native grass mixture and topdressing of fertilizer. This 3.13 acre field was drilled to Balboa rye on 9-25-67 and fertilized with 250 pounds of 10-20-10 fertilizer. Top-dressed with 250 pounds of 33-0-0 fertilizer on February 1968. Rye stand yellowing on 3-25-67. On 3-25-68 this was gone over with a rotary hoe, then seeded to native grass mixture (south 150’ Vinita harvest) remainder of field to a Manhattan Plant Materials Center mixture. A top-dressing of 300 pounds of 33-0-0 fertilizer was applied in early April. OK-3013-7.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bannett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Radiological impact of uranium tailings and alternatives for their management
Uncontrolled tailings piles are mobile sources of fugitive dust that may produce a practically uncleanable adjacent environment. A practical procedure for managing solid tailings is addition of surface moisture, mechanical and gravitational separation of slimes, and storage of slimes below solution tailings. Presently practical alternatives for tailings management are variations of two basic methods - surface below-ground disposal. Isolation of tailings by natural materials such as clay lenses and combinations of overburden, top soil, vegetation and rip-rap may provide both minimization of exposure and stability. Experimental measurement of radon flux over two inactive tailings, acid and carbonate leached tailings resulted in average specific flux values of phi infinity approx. = 0.64 and phi infinity approx. = 0.30 (pCi Rn-222/m/sup 2/ sec) / (pCi Ra-226/g), respectively. The average diffusion coefficient for these tailings were, respectively, 2.4 x 10/sup -3/ and 5.7 x 10/sup -4/ cm/sup 2//sec. Tailings covered with native soil of clay-silt-sand mixture to a depth of 225 cm resulted in attenuation of flux with diffusion coefficients of 3.69 x 10/sup -3/ and 3.60 x 10/sup -3/ cm/sup 2//sec for ACID and ALKO sites, respectively. By means of the UDAD code dose commitments were estimated for inhalation of particulates and …
Date:
January 1, 1979
Creator:
Momeni, M. H.; Kisieleski, W. E.; Tyler, S.; Zielen, A.; Yuan, Y. & Roberts, C. J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Lead-Zinc Mining
Photograph of Slimes Pond, Eagle-Pichers Mine, Picher, Oklahoma. Field # 2, Series 7. Milo [i.e., sorghum] residues from plantings made on 5-11-67. These rows were fertilized with 200 pounds per year of 10-20-10 fertilizer (1st 4 rows left to right) and 400 pounds per year for the next two rows and 200 pounds per year for the next two rows. These rows were side-dressed with 50 pounds of 33-0-0 in 6-67 on all of two rows and two rows half way. On 3-25-68 a native grass mixture (Vinita harvest) was interseeded, hand broadcast and hand-raked to cover. The east half of these rows were broadcast fertilized with 200 pounds of 33-0-0 per year and the west half with 200 pounds of 10-20-10 per year. OK-3013-12.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bannett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Lead-Zinc Mining
Photograph of Slimes Pond, Eagle-Pichers Mine, Picher, Oklahoma. Field # 2, Series 9. Haygrazer [i.e., Sorghum-Sudan grass] residues from plantings made on 5-11-67. These rows were fertilized with 200 pounds per year of 10-20-10 fertilizer (1st 4 rows left to right) and 400 pounds per year for the next two rows and 200 pounds per year for the next two rows. These rows were side-dressed with 50 pounds of 33-0-0 in 6-67 on all of two rows and two rows half way. On 3-25-68 a native grass mixture (Vinita harvest) was interseeded, hand broadcast and hand-raked to cover. The east half of these rows were broadcast fertilized with 200 pounds of 33-0-0 per year and the west half with 200 pounds of 10-20-10 per year. OK-3013-11.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bannett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Lead-Zinc Mining
Photograph of Slimes Pond, Eagle-Pichers Mine, Picher, Oklahoma. Field # 2, Series 6. Broomcorn [i.e., Sorghum bicolor] residues from plantings made on 5-11-67. These rows were fertilized with 200 pounds per year of 10-20-10 fertilizer (1st 4 rows left to right) and 400 pounds per year for the next two rows and 200 pounds per year for the next two rows. These rows were side-dressed with 50 pounds of 33-0-0 in 6-67 on all of two rows and two rows half way. On 3-25-68 a native grass mixture (Vinita harvest) was interseeded, hand broadcast and hand-raked to cover. The east half of these rows were broadcast fertilized with 200 pounds of 33-0-0 per year and the west half with 200 pounds of 10-20-10 per year. OK-3013-13.
Date:
April 1, 1968
Creator:
Bannett, K. C.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Optimization of Comminution Circuit Throughput and Product Size Distribution by Simulation and Control
The goal of this project is to improve energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing the product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. The goal is to save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground below the target size, while simultaneously reducing the quantity of materials wasted as ''slimes'' that are too fine to be useful. This will be accomplished by: (1) modeling alternative circuit arrangements to determine methods for minimizing overgrinding and maximizing energy efficiency, and (2) determining whether new technologies, such as high-pressure roll crushing, can be used to alter particle breakage behavior to minimize fines production.
Date:
October 1, 2003
Creator:
Walqui, H. J.; Eisele, T. C. & Kawatra, S. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optimization of Comminution Circuit Throughput and Product Size Distribution by Simulation and Control
The goal of this project is to improve energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing the product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. The goal is to save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground below the target size, while simultaneously reducing the quantity of materials wasted as ''slimes'' that are too fine to be useful. This will be accomplished by: (1) modeling alternative circuit arrangements to determine methods for minimizing overgrinding, and (2) determining whether new technologies, such as high-pressure roll crushing, can be used to alter particle breakage behavior to minimize fines production.
Date:
July 1, 2003
Creator:
Walqui, H. J.; Eisele, T. C. & Kawatra, S. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
OPTIMIZATION OF COMMINUTION CIRCUIT THROUGHPUT AND PRODUCT SIZE DISTRIBUTION BY SIMULATION AND CONTROL
The goal of this project is to improve energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing the product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. The goal is to save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground below the target size, while simultaneously reducing the quantity of materials wasted as ''slimes'' that are too fine to be useful. This will be accomplished by: (1) modeling alternative circuit arrangements to determine methods for minimizing overgrinding, and (2) determining whether new technologies, such as high-pressure roll crushing, can be used to alter particle breakage behavior to minimize fines production.
Date:
April 1, 2004
Creator:
H.J. Walqui, T.C. Eisele, S.K. Kawatra
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optimization of Comminution Circuit Throughput and Product Size Distribution by Simulation and Control
The goal of this project is to improve energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing the product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. The goal is to save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground below the target size, while simultaneously reducing the quantity of materials wasted as ''slimes'' that are too fine to be useful. This will be accomplished by: (1) modeling alternative circuit arrangements to determine methods for minimizing overgrinding, and (2) determining whether new technologies, such as high-pressure roll crushing, can be used to alter particle breakage behavior to minimize fines production.
Date:
January 1, 2004
Creator:
Walqui, H. J.; Eisele, T. C. & Kawatra, S. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
NON-PRODUCTION FUELS REPROCESSING, CENTRIFUGATION STUDIES ON VARIOUS DISSOLVER EFFLUENT SOLUTIONS
>The proposed flowsheets for reprocessing of nonproduction fuels include centrifugal separation of particulate matter from various dissolver effluent solutions. The settling characteristics of process solids were determined in water and in cold process solutions. Uranium dioxide particles will be recovered from Zirflex and Sulfex cladding waste solutions, and core-dissolver solutions will be centrifuged for removal of ZrO/sub 2/, metallic slimes, siliceous matter, and uranium-bearing solids. (W.L.H.)
Date:
December 1, 1959
Creator:
Amos, L.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optimization of Comminution Circuit Throughput and Product Size Distribution by Simulation and Control
The goal of this project is to improve energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing the product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. The goal is to save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground below the target size, while simultaneously reducing the quantity of materials wasted as ''slimes'' that are too fine to be useful. This is being accomplished by mathematical modeling of the grinding circuits to determine how to correct this problem. The approaches taken included (1) Modeling of the circuit to determine process bottlenecks that restrict flowrates in one area while forcing other parts of the circuit to overgrind the material; (2) Modeling of hydrocyclones to determine the mechanisms responsible for retaining fine, high-density particles in the circuit until they are overground, and improving existing models to accurately account for this behavior; and (3) Evaluation of advanced technologies to improve comminution efficiency and produce sharper product size distributions with less overgrinding.
Date:
October 1, 2004
Creator:
Eisele, T. C.; Kawatra, S. K. & Walqui, H. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optimization of Comminution Circuit Throughput and Product Size Distribution by Simulation and Control
The goal of this project is to improve energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing the product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. The goal is to save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground below the target size, while simultaneously reducing the quantity of materials wasted as ''slimes'' that are too fine to be useful. This is being accomplished by mathematical modeling of the grinding circuits to determine how to correct this problem. It has been determined that, for mixtures of approximately equal quantities of high-density minerals (such as iron oxides) and low-density minerals (such as quartz), existing hydrocyclone models fail to accurately predict the hydrocyclone behavior. Since the hydrocyclone is the key unit controlling the particle size, an accurate model of these units is required and is being fully developed. Experimental work has demonstrated that the previous models are inaccurate due to incorrect assumptions concerning the change in hydrocyclone cut size as a function of changing particle density.
Date:
July 1, 2004
Creator:
Walqui, H. J.; Eisele, T. C. & Kawatra, S. K.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
OPTIMIZATION OF COMMINUTION CIRCUIT THROUGHPUT AND PRODUCT SIZE DISTRIBUTION BY SIMULATION AND CONTROL
The goal of this project is to improve energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing the product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. The goal is to save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground below the target size, while simultaneously reducing the quantity of materials wasted as ''slimes'' that are too fine to be useful. This is being accomplished by mathematical modeling of the grinding circuits to determine how to correct this problem. The approaches taken included (1) Modeling of the circuit to determine process bottlenecks that restrict flowrates in one area while forcing other parts of the circuit to overgrind the material; (2) Modeling of hydrocyclones to determine the mechanisms responsible for retaining fine, high-density particles in the circuit until they are overground, and improving existing models to accurately account for this behavior; and (3) Evaluation of advanced technologies to improve comminution efficiency and produce sharper product size distributions with less overgrinding.
Date:
January 1, 2005
Creator:
Kawatra, S. K.; Eisele, T. C.; Weldum, T.; Larsen, D.; Mariani, R. & Pletka, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optimization of Comminution Circuit Throughput and Product Size Distribution by Simulation and Control
The goal of this project is to improve the energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing the product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. This will save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground to below the target size, and will also reduce the quantity of material wasted as slimes that are too fine to be useful. This will be accomplished by: (1) modeling alternative circuit arrangements to determine methods for minimizing overgrinding, and (2) determining whether new technologies, such as high-pressure roll crushing, can be used to alter particle breakage behavior to minimize fines production. In the first quarter of this project, work was completed on a basic comminution model that will be used to carry out the subsequent project tasks. This phase of the work was supported by the Electric Power Research Institute, as their cost-share contribution to the project. The model has been implemented as an Excel spreadsheet, which has the advantage of being a very portable format that can be made widely available to the industry once the project …
Date:
December 1, 2001
Creator:
Kawatra, S. K.; Eisele, T. C. & Walqui, H. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optimization of Comminution Circuit Throughput and Product Size Distribution by Simulation and Control
The goal of this project is to improve energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing he product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. This will save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground below the target size, and will also reduce the quantity of materials wasted as ''slimes'' that are too fine to be useful. This will be accomplished by: (1) modeling alternative circuit arrangements to determine methods for minimizing overgrinding, and (2) determining whether new technologies, such as high-pressure roll crushing, can be used to alter particle breakage behavior to minimize fines production. In the seventh quarter of this project, analysis of the plant operation identified sources of overgrinding in the circuit. Overgrinding was primarily caused by two effects: (1) The hydrocyclones used to close the circuit and remove fully-ground particles from the circuit were preferentially returning high-density ore particles to the secondary mills for regrinding even after they were already ground to pass the desired product size, and (2) The primary grinding mills were operating at less than full capacity, suggesting …
Date:
October 1, 2002
Creator:
Kawatra, S. K.; Eisele, T. C. & Walqui, H. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
OPTIMIZATION OF COMMINUTION CIRCUIT THROUGHPUT AND PRODUCT SIZE DISTRIBUTION BY SIMULATION AND CONTROL
The goal of this project is to improve energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing he product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. This will save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground below the target size, and will also reduce the quantity of materials wasted as ''slimes'' that are too fine to be useful. This will be accomplished by: (1) modeling alternative circuit arrangements to determine methods for minimizing overgrinding, and (2) determining whether new technologies, such as high-pressure roll crushing, can be used to alter particle breakage behavior to minimize fines production. In previous quarters, it was determined that the primary grinding mills were operating at less than full capacity, suggesting that a shift of grinding load to the primary mills could liberate more material before it reached the secondary mills, allowing more complete liberation with a coarser grind. In the eighth quarter, further analysis was carried out to determine the full extent of the benefit that could be obtained by this shift in grinding load. A key part of this …
Date:
January 1, 2003
Creator:
Kawatra, S.K. & T.C. Eisele, H.J. Walqui
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optimization of Comminution Circuit Throughput and Product Size Distribution by Simulation and Control
The goal of this project is to improve energy efficiency of industrial crushing and grinding operations (comminution). Mathematical models of the comminution process are being used to study methods for optimizing the product size distribution, so that the amount of excessively fine material produced can be minimized. This will save energy by reducing the amount of material that is ground below the target size, and will also reduce the quantity of materials wasted as slimes that are too fine to be useful. This will be accomplished by: (1) modeling alternative circuit arrangements to determine methods for minimizing overgrinding, and (2) determining whether new technologies, such as high-pressure roll crushing, can be used to alter particle breakage behavior to minimize fines production. In the sixth quarter of this project, work was centered on analyzing the considerable plant data gathered during the first year of the project. Modeling is being carried out of the hydrocyclone portion of the grinding circuit, since this has been identified as the primary source of overgrinding and inefficiency.
Date:
July 1, 2002
Creator:
Kawatra, S. K.; Eisele, T. C. & Walqui, H. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library