A bibliography of solar energy-related publications produced by Sandia Laboratories, arranged in broad subject category order, is presented.

This bibliography of reports, periodical arricles, and conference papers represents research carried out by Sandia Laboratories in energy and conservation. Within each of the approximately 300 entries, authors are listed alphabetically in each subject category. The following subjects are covered: Conservation, drilling technology, environment and safety, fossil energy, geothermal energy, nuclear energy, and solar energy. (MCW)

The station locations are mapped and the observed apparent resistivity in ohm-meters is tabulated for each location over the frequency range of 7.5 to 18,600 cycles/sec. (WHK)

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Neutron-induced capture cross sections for the ground states and first isomeric states of /sup 93/Nb, /sup 94/Nb and /sup 95/Nb were studied from the resolved resonance region to 4 MeV via statistical model calculations. The production of isomers was included. Inelastic scattering cross sections and gamma-ray production spectra were also calculated. The anti GAMMA/ sub ..gamma..//D ratios were derived from gamma-ray strength function systematics. Total capture cross sections on the ground states are found to be within a factor of two of each other. Capture cross sections on the isomeric targets are important as well, not only because of their magnitude but also because of the significant population of these isomeric levels by inelastic scattering. 10 references.

The 150 keV neutral beam test facility provides for the testing and development of neutral beam injectors and beam systems of the class that will be needed for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) and The Next Step (TNS). The test facility can simulate a complete beam line injection system and can provide a wide range of experimental operating conditions. Herein is offered a general description of the facility's capabilities and a discussion of present system performance.

A technique is described for obtaining short exposure (approximately 8 ns) high resolution photomicrographs of electrically exploded bridges using a pulsed laser for bridge illumination and band-pass filters to eliminate the intense self light. Two cameras are described, one for a small field of view (approximately 1 mm) and one for a relatively large field of view (approximately 20 mm). A carbon disulfide cell and a fiber-optic light guide are used to essentially eliminate speckle, which normally limits the resolution of laser photographs of diffuse surfaces. A series of photomicrographs showing the detailed burst characteristics of both flat and round bridges are shown.

Microwave cavity techniques were used to measure electron density in a spherical, inertial-electrostatic confinement device using six ion guns. The density was roughly proportional to ion current (1 to 17 mA) and decreased somewhat with increasing ion energy (10 to 37 keV). With D$sub 2$ pressure decrease from 10 to 3 mTorr, n/sub e/ decreased faster than linearly and below approximately 3 mTorr decreased linearly with pressure down to the lowest pressure of 0.4 mTorr. At 1 mTorr and 10 mA, measurements (with poor spatial resolution) were consistent with 10$sup 10$ total electrons and a central n/sub e/ of 10$sup 9$ electrons/cm$sup 3$. Neutron flux (at 50 keV) was about one sixth that of Hirsch (J. Appl. Phys. 38, 4522 (1967)). Six- vs. three-gun operation showed a small enhancement of both n/sub e/ and neutron flux that may indicate some particle trapping.

A survey has been carried out for various potential structural safety problems of superconducting fusion magnets. These areas include: (1) Stresses due to inhomogeneous temperature distributions in magnets where normal regions have been initiated. (2) Stress distributions and yield forces due to cracks and failed regions. (3) Superconducting magnet response due to seismic excitation. These analyses have been carried out using a variety of large capacity finite element computer codes that allow for the evaluation of stresses in elastic or elastic-plastic zones and around singularities in the magnet structure. Thus far, these analyses have been carried out on UWMAK-I type magnet systems. (auth)

The bibliography of energy-related publications produced by Sandia authors is arranged in broad subject category order. Subjects included are conservation, drilling technology, energy (general), environment and safety, fossil energy, geothermal energy, nuclear energy, and solar energy.

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The station locations are mapped and the observed apparent resistivity in ohm-meters is tabulated for each location over the frequency range of 7.5 to 18,600 cycles/sec. (WHK)

The study of ecosystems is aided by representing structural and functional groups of organisms or processes as discrete components. A complex compartment model will explicitly map pathways from one compartment to another and specify transfer rates. This quantitative description allows insight into the dynamics of flow of nutrients, toxic chemicals, radionuclides, or energy. Three new indices that calculate compartment-specific probabilities of occurrence and recycling and illustrate the problem of applying these indices to ecosystem models are presented.

Studies of refractory metal alloys concentrated on two families of such alloys: ternary tungsten alloys and binary T/sub 5/-T/sub 9/ alloys. The former were selected because of the possibility of finding desirable glasses consisting of low-cost components; the latter were chosen because they could be quenched into metallic glasses with high thermal stability and good toughness. Alloys selected for study were prepared by arc-melting and were subsequently rapidly quenched in an arc furnace quenching unit. Considerable difficulties were encountered in preparing metal--metalloid alloys, such as W--B, as well as alloys combining high melting and low melting transition metals, such as W and Ni. Brittleness of ductility as revealed by a bend test was noted. Measurements were made up to 1000 K and resistivity measurements up to 1300 K. The probe for electrical resistivity measurements at high temperatures has been constructed and tested. To determine the elastic (Young's) moduli of new metallic glasses prepared in this program, equipment utilizing the pulse--echo method was set up.

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Use of various metals as fluxes for releasing nitrogen from boron carbide in the Leco Nitrogen Determinator was investigated. Metals such as iron, chromium, and molybdenum that wet the graphite crucible all promoted nitrogen release. Tin, copper, aluminum, and platinum did not wet the graphite and were of no value as fluxes. A procedure for sample handling and the resulting performance of the method are described. The precision at 0.06 to 0.6 percent nitrogen averaged 4 percent relative standard deviation.

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Experimental measurements were made of the production cross sections and energy distributions of gamma rays emitted when the stable targets /sup 88/Sr, /sup 89/Y and /sup 90/Zr are exposed to protons in the energy range 3 to 8 MeV. The data are being analyzed using a recent version of the Uhl statistical model code. One conclusion is that while the gamma-ray strength functions employed reproduce the proton capture cross sections, they do not achieve the same degree of hardness observed in the measured spectra. To do so, their lower energy regions must be modified; such changes, however, do not affect the capture cross sections. 7 references.

A study was made of computer-simulated powder x-ray diffraction data for Ta/sub 22/W/sub 4/O/sub 67/, Ta/sub 2/WO/sub 8/, and Ta/sub 16/W/sub 18/O/sub 94/--the three compounds in the Ta/sub 2/O/sub 5/--WO/sub 3/ system from 27 to 69 mole percent WO/sub 3/. The crystal structures of Ta/sub 2/WO/sub 8/ and one form of Ta/sub 16/W/sub 18/O/sub 94/ (Type B) were deduced from reported data. 8 tables. (auth)

In 1978 the magnetic field shapes of six ISABELLE prototype dipole magnets were measured in detail. All the harmonic terms that are forbidden by symmetry in dipole magnets are found to have values that are zero to within the allowed tolerances. This result indicates that the random errors in conductor placement are within tolerances and that the assembly techniques are satisfactory in this regard. However, the first allowed error term in a dipole magnet, the sextupole term, is much too large, and varies greatly from magnet to magnet resulting in field errors at the edge of the desired good field region that are 10/sup -3/ of the central field value, whereas the tolerable field errors are of the order of 10/sup -4/ of the central field value. This large sextupole term has been traced to assembly errors which yield a coil assembly which instead of being circular in cross section is racetrack shaped, with the vertical axis being 10 to 20 thousandths of an inch greater than the horizontal axis. This problem will be corrected in the future production series.

A series of 16 shallow and intermediate-depth temperature-gradient holes were drilled for Sunoco Energy Development Co. in Grass Valley, Pershing County, Nevada, on leases held by Aminoil USA, Inc., under the cost-sharing industry-linked program of the Department of Energy. Thirteen shallow (85-152 m) and 3 intermediate-depth (360-457 m) holes were completed and logged during the period June through September, 1979. The locations of these holes and of pre-existing temperature-gradient holes are shown on plate 1. This report constitutes a final data transmittal and disclosure of results. The drilling subcontractor was Southwest Drilling and Exploration, Inc. of Central, Utah. They provided a Gardner-Denver 15W rig, a 3-man crew, and supporting equipment. A l l holes were drilled with mud as the circulating medium. Drilling histories for each hole are summarized in table 1. GeothermEx, Inc. performed on-site geological descriptions of the cuttings; obtained several temperature profiles for each hole, including an equilibrium profile taken 23 days or more after cessation of drilling; selected samples for thermal conductivity measurements; integrated temperature, temperature-gradient, and heat-flow data obtained in this project with published values; and prepared this report.

Studies of parameter variability by Monte Carlo analysis are reviewed using repeated simulations of the model with randomly selected parameter values. At the beginning of each simulation, parameter values are chosen from specific frequency distributions. This process is continued for a number of iterations sufficient to converge on an estimate of the frequency distribution of the output variables. The purpose was to explore the general properties of error propagaton in models. Testing the implicit assumptions of analytical methods and pointing out counter-intuitive results produced by the Monte Carlo approach are additional points covered.