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Single rovibrational states of HCl(v=2), HBr(v=2), DCl(v=2), and CO(v=2) were excited with a pulsed optical parametric oscillator (OPO). Total vibrational relaxation rates near - resonance quenchers were measured at 295/sup 0/K using time resolved infrared fluorescence. These rates are attributed primarily to V - V energy transfer, and they generally conform to a simple energy gap law. A small deviation was found for the CO(v) + DCl(v') relaxation rates. Upper limits for the self relaxation by V - R,T of HCl(v=2) and HBr(v=2) and for the two quantum exchange between HCl and HBr were determined. The HF dimer was detected at 295/sup 0/K and 30 torr HF pressure with an optoacoustic spectrometer using the OPO. Pulsed and chopped, resonant and non-resonant spectrophones are analyzed in detail. From experiments and first order perturbation theory, these V - V exchange rates appear to behave as a first order perturbation in the vibrational coordinates. The rotational dynamics are known to be complicated however, and the coupled rotational - vibrational dynamics were investigated theoreticaly in infinite order by the Dillon and Stephenson and the first Magnus approximations. Large ..delta..J transitions appear to be important, but these calculations differ by orders of magnitude on specific …

Quarterly report of the Argonne National Laboratory Chemical Engineering Division regarding activities related to properties and handling of radioactive materials, operation of nuclear reactors, and other relevant research. This report discusses fuel cycle studies including advanced solvent extraction techniques focused on the development of centrifugal contactors for use in Purex processes, dispersion of reagents as a result of explosions, and identification of organic solutions suitable for the separation of actinides from fission products.

Refractories for slag containment, nondestructive evaluation methods, corrosion, erosion, and component failures were studied. Analysis of coal slags reveal ferritic contents of 18 to 61%, suggesting a partial pressure of 0/sub 2/ in the slagging zone of approx. 10/sup -2/ to 10/sup -4/ Pa. A second field test of the high-temperature ultrasonic erosion-monitoring system was completed. Ultrasonic inspecton of the HYGAS cyclone separator shows a reduced erosive-wear rate at 5000 h in the stellite region. The acoustic leak-detection system for valves was field tested using a 150-mm-dia. valve with a range of pressures from 0.34 to 4.05 MPa. Results suggest a linear relation between detected rms levels and leak rates. Studies on acoustic emissions from refractory concrete continued with further development of a real-time data acquisition system. Corrosion studies were conducted on Incoloy 800, Type 310 stainless steel, Inconel 671 and U.S. Steel Alloy 18-18-2 (as-received, thermally aged, and preexposed for 3.6 Ms to multicomponent gas mixtures). Results suggest a decrease in ultimate tensile strength and flow stress after preexposure. Examination of commercial iron- and nickel-base alloys after 100-h exposures in atmospheric-pressure fluidized-bed combustors suggests that the addition of 0.3 mole % CaCl/sub 2/ to the fluidized bed has no …

The TLD-400 chips combined with the Pb-Ta field capsule provide a sensitive method of measuring penetrating ambient radiation in the environment. The method is best used for field deployments of about 1 month or less to minimize problems associated with fading. A correction factor of about 10% is necessary for the readings obtained for a 28-day field deployment and a 1-day wait before readout. Integration of reader output from 150/sup 0/C to 280/sup 0/C provides a good signal-to-noise ratio for TLD-400 chips exposed to 5 mR for the reader and planchet described herein. Visual inspection of the glow curves is recommended during startup of any new program or following any major instrument repair. The glow curves can be easily drawn with an X-Y recorder. Because of the large energy dependence of bare TLD-400 chips, an energy-flattening filter is necessary to allow a direct conversion from a reference exposure to observed field exposures. The field capsule used, consisting of 10 mil of tantalum and 2 mil of lead, provides an approximate uniform energy response above 70 keV. Below 70 keV, the response decreases rapidly because of the shielding. Experiments conducted have not shown the TLD-400 chips to be sensitive to the …

Estimations are made for X-ray generation from the accelerator column of various neutral beam injectors. For the case of deuterium beam operation where 2.5-MeV D-D neutrons pose a serious health physics concern, neutron and tritium production rates from beam targets are calculated for different beam energies. Biological doses from these radiations and shielding requirements are discussed.

Anion exchange distributions of 58 elements have been measured from 0.1-8.7M HBr and from 0.1-7.4M HI onto three strong-base resins, 8 and 4% cross-linked and macroporous. Data were obtained by 16- to 18-h dynamic batch contacts. Anion exchange in these media is compared to that in HCl. The effect of resin cross-linkage is considerably greater in HI media than in HBr and HCl media. Examples are presented of potentially useful separations using HBr and HI media alone and in combination with HCl.

Initial results from a study of EUV emissions from the 2XIIB experiment are reported. Time-dependent brightness measurements of deuterium, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and titanium emissions from the central 2XIIB plasma have been made. The deuterium Lyman alpha brightness is 1.5 x 10/sup 17/ photons sec/sup -1/cm/sup -2/sr/sup -1/. The Lyman alpha time development and broad spectral profile are consistent with other knowledge of the 2XIIB plasma. Oxygen is the dominant impurity in 2XIIB. The 0 VI 1032 A brightness is 1.65 x 10/sup 18/ photons sec/sup -1/cm/sup -2/sr/sup -1/. The oxygen concentration is 2% and its estimated confinement lifetime is 300 ..mu..s; this may imply mirror confinement of the oxygen ions. Nitrogen and carbon concentrations are 0.4% and 0.3%, respectively. It is not certain whether these impurities are mirror confined. The titanium concentration is believed to be low compared to that of oxygen. The power loss from the central plasma due to radiation by and ionization of light impurities is approximately 60 kW, which is 4% of the power deposited by the neutral beams. Further studies of impurity sources and penetration are now being performed.

An improved version of a microwave spectrometer operating in the vicinity of 70 GHz is described. The spectrometer, which incorporates a Fabry-Perot resonator and superheterodyne detection for high sensitivity is designed for the detection of gaseous pollutants and other atmospheric constituents. The instrument is capable of detecting polar molecules with absorption coefficients as small as 2 x 10/sup -9/cm/sup -1/. For sulphur dioxide diluted in air, this sensitivity corresponds to a detection limit of 1.2 ppm without preconcentration and with a time constant of 1 second. Measurements and analysis of the noise contributions limiting the sentivity are presented.

The LOFT Modular Drag Disc Turbine Transducer (MDTT) springs (for range 2, rhoV/sup 2/ = 4900 lbm/ft-sec/sup 2/) were analyzed to determine the static rhoV/sup 2/ load needed to cause a buckling failure. The static load needed to cause elastic buckling was found to be equivalent to a rhoV/sup 2/ value of 431,000 lbm/ft-sec/sup 2/ according to classical buckling theory, but could be as low as rhoV/sup 2/ = 100,000 lbm/ft-sec/sup 2/ due to uncertain end fixity and other spring imperfections.

An experimental and analytical investigation was conducted to evaluate the economic potential of shallow fluidized bed heat exchangers to recover the waste heat in the exhaust gases from large diesel engines. The program involved: (1) experiments to measure the heat transfer, pressure loss, and fouling characteristics of a commercially available shallow fluidized bed heat exchanger, and (2) conceptual design of a fluidized bed heat exchanger for a particular diesel exhaust waste heat recovery application. Two alternative designs were developed. The first design was based upon the measured characteristics of the tested unit while the second design used extrapolations of these results. The shallow fluidized bed heat exchanger used in the experimental program is a commercial unit designed to transfer 140,000 Btu h from 436/sup 0/F flue gases to 160/sup 0/F water.

An analysis is presented of combined stresses in the LOFT Modular DTT for specified temperature gradients. All combined stress intensities are shown to stay within applicable allowable stress intensities. A fatigue analysis is also presented which indicates that the LOFT Modular DTT will withstand 70,000 blowdown cycles. The LOFT Modular DTT is shown to meet the Class 1 stress requirments. A stress analysis of the tab region of the newly designed MDTT tab-type shroud is included. This stress analysis shows that the Class 1 stress requirements are met by the tab-type MDTT shroud design and that this design imposes no fatigue life limitation on the MDTT.

A nuclear data library was created for medium-energy-neutron-transport calculations. The 60-group library includes P/sub 5/ cross sections in standard LASL format for H, B, C, N, O, Si, Fe, and W. The 60-group structure was chosen from a sensitivity analysis of a thick iron shield calculated with a 50-MeV deuteron-on-beryllium neutron source spectrum and a 121-group cross-section set. The library combines processed ENDF/B-IV cross-section data below 20 MeV and higher-energy cross-section parameters calculated with the intranuclear-cascade and evaporation model. A 6-group version of the library is used in the design of a shield-collimator unit for fast-neutron radiotherapy. While the shield is specific for the 50-MeV d/sup +/--Be neutron source presently used in cancer therapy at Texas A and M University, the cross sections and methods developed are applicable to the problems of medium-energy-neutron shielding in general. 28 figures, 21 tables, 132 references.

Separate abstracts were prepared for 68 sections of this report that discuss the health hazards associated with the nuclear fuel cycle, fossil fuel cycle, oil shale processing, and biomagnetic effects associated with fusion. A list is included of 52 publications during the time period covered by this report.

Published information on solar powered irrigation systems is presented. Thermal solar systems, thermoelectric solar systems, and photovoltaic solar systems are included. A bibliography and survey of on-going work is presented. (WHK)

Quarterly report of the Argonne National Laboratory Materials Science Division, including studies on ceramic (refractory) and metallic materials for use in coal-conversion processes as well as studies of erosive wear, nondestructive testing, corrosion, refractory degradation, and failure analysis.

Literature covered by the current review is based on a search of Chemical Abstracts, 1917 through 1975. Early studies, pre-dating 1940, are referenced primarily for historical interest. Emphasis is on the micro-constituents of human teeth, those present at concentrations less than a few tenths of a percent by weight. Within this category of data, we have been primarily concerned with the radiochemically stable nuclides. The important relationship between caries and trace elements is covered only insofar as carious teeth exhibit properties with respect to trace element composition that differ from normal teeth. Having made these disclaimers, we note that an attempt has been made to cover the literature exhaustively; although some important results have undoubtedly been overlooked. It is our hope, however, that sufficient material has been included in this review to facilitate further recovery of data by interested individuals. In Chapter 1, analytical techniques that have been employed in this field are briefly presented; discussion centers on problems associated with preparation of specimens for analysis. Chapter 2 is devoted to topical coverage of data on the inorganic composition of teeth. An element-by-element tabulation of concentration data is provided, our statistical analysis of selected data explained, and evidence concerning several …

Three-stage operation of the University of Pittsburgh accel-decel double tandem source of highly stripped ion beams is described. The system has produced 0/sup 5 +/, 0/sup 6 +/, 0/sup 7 +/, and 0/sup 8 +/ ions at specific energies as low as 15 keV per AMU. The design of the new decelerator tubes is discussed. The present performance and limitations of the overall system are outlined. Some new charge exchange cross sections have been measured, for combined higher ion charge states and lower ion energies than heretofore was possible. Future four-stage operation with very heavy ions is considered.

Analytic solutions to the rate equations describing the species evolution of a multispecies positive ion beam of hydrogen due to charge exchange and molecular dissociation are derived as a function of the background gas (H/sub 2/) line density in the neutralizing gas cell and in the drift tube. Using the solutions, calculations are presented for the relative abundance of each species as a function of the gas cell thickness, the reionization loss rates in the drift tube, and the neutral beam power as a function of the beam energy and the species composition of the original ion beam.

An abstract was prepared for the first section of this report. That section contains a review of the first 25 years of fusion research at Livermore. (MOW)

From introduction: The purpose of this report is to describe low-flow characteristics of streams in the lower Wisconsin River basin where streamflow data have been collected and to present equations for estimating low-flow characteristics and ungaged sites.

The proposed weld modifications for LOFT DTT's planned for future use in nuclear blowdown experiments are described. The attached calculations provide the basis for the statements concerning weld modifications.

A number of problems in physics can be reduced to the study of a measure-preserving mapping of a plane onto itself. One example is a Hamiltonian system with two degrees of freedom, i.e., two coupled nonlinear oscillators. These are among the simplest deterministic system that can have chaotic solutions. According to a theorem of Kolmogorov, Arnol'd, and Moser, these systems may also have more ordered orbits lying on curves that divide the plane. The existence of each of these orbit types depends sensitively on both the parameters of the problem, and on the initial conditions. The problem addressed in this paper is that of finding when given KAM orbits exist. The guiding hypothesis is that the disappearance of a KAM surface is associated with a sudden change from stability to instability of nearby periodic orbits. The relation between KAM surfaces and periodic orbits have been explored extensively here by the numerical computation of a particular mapping.

The data obtained for the first round robin sample collected at Mesa 6-2 wellhead, East Mesa Test Site, Imperial Valley are summarized. Test results are listed by method used for cross reference to the analytic methods section. Results obtained for radioactive isotopes present in the brine sample are tabulated. The data obtained for the second round robin sample collected from the Woolsey No. 1 first stage flash unit, San Diego Gas and Electric Niland Test Facility are presented in the same manner. Lists of the participants of the two round robins are given. Data from miscellaneous analyses are included. Summaries of values derived from the round robin raw data are presented. (MHR)