Resource Type

The Creek Draft Rebellion of 1918: Wartime Hysteria and Indian-Baiting in WWI Oklahoma (open access)

The Creek Draft Rebellion of 1918: Wartime Hysteria and Indian-Baiting in WWI Oklahoma

Article depicts the events following the "Creek Draft Rebellion of 1918" and subsequent long and costly investigation into the leader of the demonstration, Ellen Perryman. Thomas A. Britten demonstrates the public hysteria perpetrated by the press and stereotypical negative image of Native Americans that was present in WWI Oklahoma.
Date: Summer 2001
Creator: Britten, Thomas A.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Fall 2001 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Fall 2001

Notes and Documents column including a document honoring Louis H. Coleman, who was inducted into the annual Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame in 2001. It also includes a document about the Garrison quilt, a quilt donated by the great-grandson of Stephen A. Lewis, the Union soldier who created it, and a document that provides a descriptive bibliography of secondary sources related to the Green Corn Rebellion.
Date: Autumn 2001
Creator: Armstrong, Connie G.; Winchester, Jean A. & Hanne, Daniel
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Practically a Military School": The University of Oklahoma and World War I (open access)

"Practically a Military School": The University of Oklahoma and World War I

Article detailing the University of Oklahoma's reaction and response to the declaration of World War I in 1917. This includes the University of Oklahoma's administration, faculty, and students' actions to support the war effort. The revamped campus included barracks and military-training facilities. A Student Army Training Corps, precursor to ROTC, was born, and numerous students and faculty entered the armed services.
Date: Summer 2006
Creator: Levy, David W.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"The Panther's Scream is Often Heard": Cherokee Women in Indian Territory during the Civil War (open access)

"The Panther's Scream is Often Heard": Cherokee Women in Indian Territory during the Civil War

The Civil War and intertribal factionalism in the Cherokee Nation left one-third of women as widows and one-fourth of the children as orphans by 1863. This article is a careful examination of the lives of many Cherokee women in which the author concludes that while the crisis may have empowered women, it also led to a crisis of identity for elite women.
Date: Spring 2000
Creator: Johnston, Carolyn Ross
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
In Defense of Sovereignty: Cherokee Soldiers, White Officers, and Discipline in the Third Indian Home Guard (open access)

In Defense of Sovereignty: Cherokee Soldiers, White Officers, and Discipline in the Third Indian Home Guard

This article explores the ways in which Cherokees managed discipline in the Third Indian Home Guard of the Union army to achieve their ultimate goal to reconquer the Cherokee Nation from the Confederate forces and preserve Cherokee sovereignty.
Date: Winter 2004
Creator: Jones, Trevor
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"An Indian Shall Not spill an Indian's Blood": The Confederate-Indian Conference at Camp Napoleon, 1865 (open access)

"An Indian Shall Not spill an Indian's Blood": The Confederate-Indian Conference at Camp Napoleon, 1865

Article provides a thorough discussion of the conference at Camp Napoleon, one of the largest intertribal gatherings in Indian Territory. In 1865, the Five Civilized Tribes, allies of the Confederacy, undertook efforts to negotiate and make peace with the Plains tribes at the close of the Civil War.
Date: Spring 2005
Creator: Clampitt, Brad R.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Civilization May be a Hoax": Oklahomans in the Old World, 1907-1939 (open access)

"Civilization May be a Hoax": Oklahomans in the Old World, 1907-1939

This article describes the views of middle-class Oklahomans who toured Europe between the two world wars and whose travel accounts concluded that the New World--America and Oklahoma--were superior in all aspects of "civilization."
Date: Winter 2007
Creator: Voss, K. Dirk
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Twixt Scylla and Charybdis: Environmental Pressure on the Choctaw to Ally with the Confederacy (open access)

Twixt Scylla and Charybdis: Environmental Pressure on the Choctaw to Ally with the Confederacy

Article describes the conditions that led the Choctaw nation's decision to ally with the Confederate States of America when the United States failed to live up to its treaty promises.
Date: Spring 2007
Creator: Sweeney, Kevin Z.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Cultural Conservation and Revival: The Caddo and Hasinai Post-Removal Era, 1860-1902 (open access)

Cultural Conservation and Revival: The Caddo and Hasinai Post-Removal Era, 1860-1902

Article discusses the post-removal period of 1860-1902 for the Caddo and Hasinai people of the Southern Plains: the difficulties they faced, prominent leaders of the tribes, cultural traditions, and the ways they found to keep their communities intact.
Date: Autumn 2001
Creator: Meredith, Howard L.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"An anxiety to do right": The Life of Judge John Hazelton Cotteral, 1864-1933 (open access)

"An anxiety to do right": The Life of Judge John Hazelton Cotteral, 1864-1933

Article provides a portrait of John H. Cotteral, the first federal judge for the Western District of Oklahoma and the first Oklahoman to occupy the bench of the circuit court of appeals. The article explores both the man and the legal opinions he wrote throughout his forty-year career.
Date: Autumn 2000
Creator: Leitch, Kevin C.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
William Meredith Cunningham: An Oklahoma Proletariat Novelist (open access)

William Meredith Cunningham: An Oklahoma Proletariat Novelist

Article presents a biography of William Cunnigham and reveals the ways in which his novels, poetry, and other writings championed the industrial-agricultural working class of his native state of Oklahoma.
Date: Autumn 2008
Creator: O'Dell, Larry
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Is there a monadic authoritarian peace: Authoritarian regimes, democratic transition types and the first use of violent force (open access)

Is there a monadic authoritarian peace: Authoritarian regimes, democratic transition types and the first use of violent force

This article examines conflict proneness of authoritarian states and tests whether the monadic democratic peace argument can be extended to explain the conflict behavior of authoritarian states.
Date: November 30, 2008
Creator: Ishiyama, John T.; Conway, Ryan & Haggans, Katherine
System: The UNT Digital Library
So That a Nation May Live: The Pawnee Ghost Dance and Cultural Renaissance (open access)

So That a Nation May Live: The Pawnee Ghost Dance and Cultural Renaissance

This article describes the early development of the Ghost Dance among the Pawnees and traces the ceremony's continuance into the twenty-first century.
Date: Autumn 2007
Creator: Leahy, Todd E.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Consorting with Blood and Violence: The Decline of the Oklahoma Ku Klux Klan (open access)

Consorting with Blood and Violence: The Decline of the Oklahoma Ku Klux Klan

Article showing how excessive violence, external opposition, and internal factionalism led to the decline of the Ku Klux Klan in Oklahoma during the late 1920s.
Date: Autumn 2000
Creator: Jessup, Michael M.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
National Liberal, Hometown Radical, and New Populist Politician: The Life of Fred Harris (open access)

National Liberal, Hometown Radical, and New Populist Politician: The Life of Fred Harris

Article explores the life of Fred Harris and the personal and professional journey that transformed him from a liberal into a New Populist politician.
Date: Spring 2005
Creator: Scott. Amy L.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Stand Fast": The Story of Surry Eaton "White Sut" Beck (open access)

"Stand Fast": The Story of Surry Eaton "White Sut" Beck

Article written by Pamela White, the great-granddaughter of White Sut Beck, examines Beck's life and place in history. White Sut Beck's place in history has been defined by what came to be known as the Going Snake Massacre, a shoot-out during the 1872 trial of Zeke Proctor for the murder of Beck's sister. In truth, White Sut lived a full life of adventure and service to his family, community, and the Cherokee Nation.
Date: Autumn 2004
Creator: White, Pamela
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Life of Littleton Horace Davis: Pistol Packin' Preacher and Railroad Man (open access)

The Life of Littleton Horace Davis: Pistol Packin' Preacher and Railroad Man

Article covers the life of minister, farmer, rail car inspector, and community leader L. H. Davis. Frank W. Davis relates the contributions his grandfather made, including building the first two-story house in Francis, Oklahoma, the founding of the Francis Methodist Episcopal Church, and acquiring a reputation as a fearless man even during the dangerous railroad strikes of 1922.
Date: Winter 2001
Creator: Davis, Frank W.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Winter 2008-09 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Winter 2008-09

Notes and Documents column including "The Meta Chestnutt Sager Collection," which highlights the Meta Chestnutt Collection held by the Oklahoma Historical Society Research Division that contains documents and items from the life of Meta Chestnutt Sager, who participated in the 1889 land run and then established El Meta Bond College in Silver City. It also includes "Lincoln's Legacy in Oklahoma" which celebrates the legacy of Abraham Lincoln as it relates to Oklahoma and details the programs launched by the Oklahoma Lincoln Bicentennial Committee to celebrate the former president during the bicentennial of his birth.
Date: Winter 2008
Creator: Wilson, Linda D.; Sias, Richard & Blackburn, Bob L.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Profile of a Prairie Radical: Judge Orville Enfield of Ellis County (open access)

Profile of a Prairie Radical: Judge Orville Enfield of Ellis County

Article describes the life and political career of Judge Orville Enfield of Ellis County, a member of the Socialist Party. R. O. Joe Cassity, Jr. defines Enfield's place in the history of Oklahoma radicalism and examines the concept of radicalism in the political scene.
Date: Summer 2002
Creator: Cassity, R. O. Joe, Jr.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Removal of the Southeastern Indians: Historians Respond to the 1960s and the Trail of Tears (open access)

The Removal of the Southeastern Indians: Historians Respond to the 1960s and the Trail of Tears

Article analyzes the work of several historians from the 1960s and 1970s. The politics and culture of the 1960s and 1970s played a role in reshaping popular conceptions of Indian America as scholars began to re-investigate Indian-white relations. This article analyzes how that time period affected the interpretations of the removal of the southeastern Indians.
Date: Autumn 2000
Creator: Kelleher, Michael
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Presence and Absence of the Past: Sites of Memory and Forgetting in F. C. Delius's "Die Flatterzunge" (open access)

The Presence and Absence of the Past: Sites of Memory and Forgetting in F. C. Delius's "Die Flatterzunge"

Article on the presence and absence of the past and the sites of memory and forgetting in F. C. Delius' "Die Flatterzunge."
Date: January 1, 2004
Creator: Costabile-Heming, Carol Anne
System: The UNT Digital Library
"America, Love It or Leave It": Some Native American Initiatives to Move to Mexico, 1890-1940 (open access)

"America, Love It or Leave It": Some Native American Initiatives to Move to Mexico, 1890-1940

Article describes the emigration to Mexico initiative some Native American tribes in Oklahoma considered between 1890 and 1940. Steven Crum also describes the national government's response to these efforts and references the similarity of the 1960s phrase coined in the article's title.
Date: Winter 2001
Creator: Crum, Steven J.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Lingering Shadow: The Grapes of Wrath and Oklahoma Leaders in the Post-Depression Era (open access)

The Lingering Shadow: The Grapes of Wrath and Oklahoma Leaders in the Post-Depression Era

Article discusses the impact of the 1939 novel, The Grapes of Wrath, on the reputation of the citizens of Oklahoma in the 1930s. After the discriminatory term "Okie" was adopted to refer to struggling migrant Oklahomans, government administration and civic leaders worked to change the way Oklahomans were viewed in the post-depression era.
Date: Spring 2003
Creator: Collins, Jennifer J.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Cherokee Emigration: Reconstructing Reality (open access)

Cherokee Emigration: Reconstructing Reality

Article reconstructs the period of forced removal Cherokees experienced in the 1830s, including the bureaucratic process behind it, seizure of Cherokee property, embarkation camps, and the emigration itself. Due to the lack of consistency in historical record, Lathel F. Duffield examines a variety of sources, from the works of historians to the records of soldiers enacting the atrocities.
Date: Autumn 2002
Creator: Duffield, Lathel F.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History