Rapid deforestation often produces landscape-level changes in forest characteristics and structure, including area, distribution, and forest habitat types. Changes in landscape pattern through fragmentation or aggregation of natural habitats can alter patterns of abundance for single species and entire communities. Examples of single-species effects include increased predation along the forest edge, the decline in the number of species with poor dispersal mechanisms, and the spread of exotic species that have deleterious effects (e.g., gypsy moth). A decrease in the size and number of natural habitat patches increases the probability of local extirpation and loss of diversity of native species, whereas a decline in connectivity between habitat patches can negatively affect species persistence. Thus, there is empirical justification for managing entire landscapes, not just individual habitat types, in order to insure that native plant and animal diversity is maintained. A landscape is defined as an area composed of a mosaic of interacting ecosystems, or patches, with the heterogeneity among the patches significantly affecting biotic and abiotic processes in the landscape. Patches comprising a landscape are usually composed of discrete areas of relatively homogeneous environmental conditions and must be defined in terms of the organisms of interest. A large body of theoretical …

Photoproduction of open charm is reviewed, both as a tool for studying the properties of charm particles such as spectroscopy, decays, and lifetimes, and as a testing ground for theoretical calculations of production dynamics. Many characteristics of charm photoproduction are described in terms of the leading order (LO) {alpha}{sub EM}{alpha}{sub S} Photon-Gluon Fusion (PGF) model. The next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections of strength {alpha}{sub EM}{alpha}{sub S}{sup 2} due to radiation of additional gluons are then added. The sensitivities of the NLO calculations on the mass of the charm quark, m{sub c}, and on the choice of the gluon structure function of the nucleon are illustrated for the energy dependence of the cross section for charm photoproduction. These are compared with fixed target data and new HERA data. The single charm particle inclusive distributions in x{sub f} and p{sub {perpendicular}}{sup 2}, along with {sigma}({gamma}N {yields} c{anti c}X) give good estimates of m{sub c} and n{sub g}, the shape parameter for the gluon distribution within the nucleon. As in hadroproduction, some disagreements between prediction and observation begin to appear in trying to simultaneously match the distributions in both p{sub {perpendicular}}{sup 2} for single charm particles and in the {Delta}{Phi} acoplanarity angle between pairs …

A new experiment is being mounted at BNL to measure the anomalous magnet moment of the muon to 3 parts in 10{sup 7}. In this talk I will describe the physics issues that this precision allows us to explore, the experimental method, and an interesting new device which we will use to inject muons into our muon storage ring. The device is a 1.45T non-ferrous superconducting magnet, where all fringe field is contained by a superconducting sheet.