Article discusses the concept of "savagism" in the context of participation of the "Five Civilized Tribes" in the Civil War. Tom L. Franzmann investigates details and accounts of brutal practices conducted by both white and American Indian soldiers during the war and deconstructs the ideas that perpetrated society during the time.

Article discusses the uprising that became known as the Green Corn Rebellion, an organization of tenant farmers in the Working Class Union to protest draft laws. Nigel Sellars examines its lack of connection with the Industrial Workers of the World despite public anti-radicalist assumptions.

Article provides documentation of personal experiences from those living in Indian Territory during the Civil War to illustrate its disastrous effects on the lives of individual citizens.

Article explores the skirmishes led by Texas cavalry units and their Indian allies in the south that acted as a precursor for a much larger conflict, the Civil War. Douglas Hale investigates how loyalties to the different armies caused intertribal conflict and damage to Indian Territory.

Article investigates the closing of Cordell Christian College due to its perceived antiwar sentiments during World War I. Michael W. Casey explores the attitudes in Oklahoma at the time and the vigilantism that occurred in the name of patriotism.

Article explores the factionalism that occurred within the Creek Nation during the enrollment process of the Dawes Commission in the late nineteenth century, as well as the events surrounding the "Crazy Snake" rebellion led by Chitto Harjo.

Article examines the experience of the Oklahoma Rough Rider through the life and correspondence of one such participant in the Spanish-American War, Robert Bell Huston.

Article describes the issues faced by the Confederate Army when their government could not supply uniforms for the troops while they were in the field, contributing to their ragtag appearance. Whit Edwards dwells on some of the difficulties this caused, including the yellowed look of unlaundered uniforms creating the "butternut" nickname for troops.

Article describes the conflict that occurred between two Confederate officers, General Thomas C. Hindman and General Albert Pike, over the defense of Indian Territory. Thomas W. Kremm and Diane Neal discuss how this conflict impacted the military situation in the area.

Article explores the participation of the first African Americans to join the federal army in the Civil War, the First Indian Home Guard. This regiment was a tri-racial unit in which free blacks and former slaves served many roles, including the role of translator for Creek and Seminole soldiers.

Article illustrates the history of conflict between white and Hispanic settlers and the Comanche Indians, providing details about the Comanche practice of raiding forts and taking human captives to trade for goods. Michael Tate explores some of the literature written by survivors of captivity as well as some of the related conflicts that occured.

Article expounds on the situation Chief John Ross faced as leader of the Cherokees during the Civil War. Ari Kelman provides details about factionalism within the Cherokee Nation, the impossibility of neutrality during wartime with pressures from both Federal and Confederate armies, and the personal political intentions of the Cherokee leader.

Article describes the history of alliances some Indian nations made with Confederate forces during the Civil War and examines the reasons for the alliances, which included connections, the promise of economic wealth, and threats of land removal.

Article explores the seemingly paradoxical life of William Penn Adair, a mixed-blood Cherokee who was both a slaveholder at one point and an advocate for the rights of American Indians. Paul Kelton draws connections between these two aspects of his life and investigates the meaning behind his beliefs.

Article explores the "golden era" of Enid, Oklahoma, exploring the factors that contributed to its rise as one of the most prosperous cities in the region, which included the construction of railroads and the impact of the oil industry.

Article provides a thorough examination of S.H. Logan's "Trip to the Gold Fields," an account allegedly compiled from the writings of an emigrant who had joined Captain Randolph B. Marcy on a gold-seeking expedition to California, which was published in the Arkansas Gazette in 1941. Since it has been cited as a primary source, Stephen H. Dew exposes certain areas of the account that may be fabricated in comparison to more factual and evidentiary sources.

Article explores Andrew Jackson's reaction to John Marshall's ruling in the case of Worcester v. Georgia, a ruling that seemingly validated Cherokee claims to their territory in Georgia. Mark R. Scherer describes the proceedings of the case, as well as the contradictory result of the Cherokees being forced from their land, and the impact of the president's apathy.