Comparison of neutron probe and time domain reflectometry techniques of soil moisture analysis (open access)

Comparison of neutron probe and time domain reflectometry techniques of soil moisture analysis

The Environmental Science Group of Los Alamos National Laboratory collected soil water content data using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) and neutron probe in order to correlate the results from the two techniques in a study performed at Los Alamos, NM. Two well-characterized field plots (3m {times} 10m) were instrumented with TDR waveguides and neutron probe access tubes at four locations. At each location, TDR rod pairs were placed horizontally at 5-,15-,30-,45- and 60-cm depths and vertical sets of rod pairs with lengths of 15-,30-,45- and 60-cm were installed. Neutron probe measurements were taken at 15-,30-,45- and 60-cm depths. Because the neutron probe measures a spherical volume, soil water content values were compared with horizontal TDR readings averaged over the same zone. Additionally, vertical TDR readings were compared to neutron probe readings averaged over the depths corresponding to each TDR length. Measurements for each technique were taken weekly since Fall of 1992. A time series comparison of the results is presented.
Date: April 1, 1994
Creator: Schofield, T. G.; Langhorst, G. J.; Trujillo, G.; Bostick, K. V. & Hansen, W. R.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Work plan for the Oak Ridge Reservation ecological monitoring and assessment program (open access)

Work plan for the Oak Ridge Reservation ecological monitoring and assessment program

None
Date: August 1, 1994
Creator: Ashwood, T. L.; Sample, B. E.; Suter, G. W. II; Turner, M. G.; Loar, J. M.; Barnthouse, L. W. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Inhalation developmental toxicology studies: Developmental toxicity of chloroprene vapors in New Zealand white rabbits. Final report (open access)

Inhalation developmental toxicology studies: Developmental toxicity of chloroprene vapors in New Zealand white rabbits. Final report

Chloroprene, 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, is a colorless liquid with a pungent ethereal odor that is primarily used as an intermediate in the manufacture of neoprene rubber, and has been used as such since about 1930. This study addressed the potential for chloroprene to cause developmental toxicity in New Zealand white rabbits following gestational exposure to 0, 10, 40, or 175 ppm chloroprene vapors, 6h/dy, 7dy/wk. Each treatment group consisted of 15 artificially inseminated females exposed on 6 through 28 days of gestation (dg). Body weights were obtained throughout the study period, and uterine and fetal body weights were obtained at sacrifice on 29 dg. Implants were enumerated and their status recorded and live fetuses were examined for gross, visceral, skeletal, and soft-tissue craniofacial defects. There were no overt signs of maternal toxicity and the change in maternal body weight over the course of the study was not affected. Exposure of pregnant rabbits to chloroprene vapors on 6-28 dg had no effect on the number of implantation, the mean percent of live pups per litter, or on the incidence of resorptions per litter. The incidence of fetal malformations was not increased by exposure to chloroprene. Results of this study indicate that gestational exposure …
Date: April 1, 1994
Creator: Mast, T. J.; Evanoff, J. J.; Westerberg, R. B.; Rommereim, R. L. & Weigel, R. J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Inhalation developmental toxicology studies: Acetonitrile in rats. Final report (open access)

Inhalation developmental toxicology studies: Acetonitrile in rats. Final report

The potential for acetonitrile to cause developmental toxicity was assessed in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to 0, 100, 400, or 1200 ppM acetonitrile, 6 hours/day, 7 days/week. Exposure of rats to these concentrations of acetonitrile resulted in mortality in the 1200 ppM group (2/33 pregnant females; 1/10 non-pregnant females). However, there were no treatment-related effects upon body weights or reproduction indices at any exposure level, nor was there a significant increase in the incidence of fetal malformations or variations. The only effect observed in the fetuses was a slight, but not statiscally significant, exposure-correlated increase in the incidence of supernumerary ribs. Determination of acetonitrile and cyanide concentrations in maternal rat blood showed that acetonitrile concentration in the blood increased with exposure concentration for all exposed maternal rats. Detectable amounts of cyanide in the blood were found only in the rats exposed to 1200 ppM acetonitrile ({approximately}2 {mu}g cyanide/g of blood).
Date: February 1, 1994
Creator: Mast, T. J.; Weigel, R. J.; Westerberg, R. B.; Boyd, P. J.; Hayden, B. K.; Evanoff, J. J. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 120, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 30, 1994 (open access)

Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 120, Ed. 1 Thursday, June 30, 1994

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: June 30, 1994
Creator: Watson, Milo W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 52, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 28, 1994 (open access)

The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 52, Ed. 1 Wednesday, December 28, 1994

Weekly newspaper from Clifton, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 28, 1994
Creator: Smith, W. Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Near-term feasibility demonstration of laser power beaming (open access)

Near-term feasibility demonstration of laser power beaming

A mission to recharge batteries of satellites in geostationary orbits (geosats) may be a commercially viable application which could be achieved with laser systems somewhat larger than present state-of-the-art. The lifetime of batteries on geosats is limited by repetitive discharge cycles which occur when the satellites are eclipsed by the earth during the spring and fall equinoxes. By coupling high power lasers with modern, large aperture telescopes and laser guide star adaptive optics systems, present day communications satellites could be targeted. It is important that a near term demonstration of laser power beaming be accomplished using lasers in the kilowatt range so that issues associated with high average power be addressed. The Laser Guide Star Facility at LLNL has all the necessary subsystems needed for such a near term demonstration, including high power lasers for both the power beam and guide star, beam directors and satellite tracking system.
Date: January 1, 1994
Creator: Friedman, H. W.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 4, Ed. 1 Wednesday, January 26, 1994 (open access)

The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 4, Ed. 1 Wednesday, January 26, 1994

Weekly newspaper from Clifton, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 26, 1994
Creator: Smith, W. Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Laser plasma interactions in hohlraums (open access)

Laser plasma interactions in hohlraums

Lasers plasma instabilities are an important constraint in x-ray driven inertial confinement fusion. In hohlraums irradiated with 1.06 {mu}m light on the Shiva laser, plasma instabilities were extremely deleterious, driving the program to the use of shorter wavelength light. Excellent coupling has been achieved in hohlraums driven with 0.35 {mu}m light on the Nova laser. Considerable attention is being given to the scaling of this excellent coupling to the larger hohlraums for an ignition target. Various instability control mechanisms such as large plasma wave damping and laser beam incoherence are discussed, as well as scaling experiments to check the instability levels.
Date: October 5, 1994
Creator: Kruer, W.L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 35, Ed. 1 Wednesday, August 31, 1994 (open access)

The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 35, Ed. 1 Wednesday, August 31, 1994

Weekly newspaper from Clifton, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: August 31, 1994
Creator: Smith, W. Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 9, Ed. 1 Wednesday, March 2, 1994 (open access)

The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 9, Ed. 1 Wednesday, March 2, 1994

Weekly newspaper from Clifton, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: March 2, 1994
Creator: Smith, W. Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 145, Ed. 1 Saturday, July 30, 1994 (open access)

Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 145, Ed. 1 Saturday, July 30, 1994

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 30, 1994
Creator: Watson, Milo W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 271, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 27, 1994 (open access)

The Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 271, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 27, 1994

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: December 27, 1994
Creator: Watson, Milo W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 99, Ed. 1 Monday, June 6, 1994 (open access)

Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 99, Ed. 1 Monday, June 6, 1994

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: June 6, 1994
Creator: Watson, Milo W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 247, Ed. 1 Monday, November 28, 1994 (open access)

The Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 247, Ed. 1 Monday, November 28, 1994

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: November 28, 1994
Creator: Watson, Milo W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 28, Ed. 1 Wednesday, July 13, 1994 (open access)

The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 28, Ed. 1 Wednesday, July 13, 1994

Weekly newspaper from Clifton, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 13, 1994
Creator: Smith, W. Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Sandia National Laboratories analysis code data base (open access)

Sandia National Laboratories analysis code data base

Sandia National Laboratories, mission is to solve important problems in the areas of national defense, energy security, environmental integrity, and industrial technology. The Laboratories` strategy for accomplishing this mission is to conduct research to provide an understanding of the important physical phenomena underlying any problem, and then to construct validated computational models of the phenomena which can be used as tools to solve the problem. In the course of implementing this strategy, Sandia`s technical staff has produced a wide variety of numerical problem-solving tools which they use regularly in the design, analysis, performance prediction, and optimization of Sandia components, systems and manufacturing processes. This report provides the relevant technical and accessibility data on the numerical codes used at Sandia, including information on the technical competency or capability area that each code addresses, code ``ownership`` and release status, and references describing the physical models and numerical implementation.
Date: November 1, 1994
Creator: Peterson, C. W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 14, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 6, 1994 (open access)

The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 14, Ed. 1 Wednesday, April 6, 1994

Weekly newspaper from Clifton, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 6, 1994
Creator: Smith, W. Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 24, Ed. 1 Wednesday, June 15, 1994 (open access)

The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 24, Ed. 1 Wednesday, June 15, 1994

Weekly newspaper from Clifton, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: June 15, 1994
Creator: Smith, W. Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 34, Ed. 1 Wednesday, August 24, 1994 (open access)

The Clifton Record (Clifton, Tex.), Vol. 99, No. 34, Ed. 1 Wednesday, August 24, 1994

Weekly newspaper from Clifton, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: August 24, 1994
Creator: Smith, W. Leon
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Development of low-expansion ceramics with strength retention to elevated temperatures. Final report (open access)

Development of low-expansion ceramics with strength retention to elevated temperatures. Final report

The development of advanced engines has resulted in the need for new ceramic compositions which exhibit thermo-mechanical properties suitable for the engine environment, e.g., low thermal expansion, stability to 1,200 C, and thermal shock resistance. To meet these goals, a two phase research program was instituted. In the first phase, new oxide ceramics were identified in the AlPO{sub 4}-{beta}-eucryptite, {beta}-cristobalite, mullite and zircon systems. This research focused on screening and property characterization of ceramics in the four systems. The most promising compositions in the AlPO{sub 4}-{beta}-eucryptite and zircon systems were then further evaluated and developed in the second phase with the goal of being ready for prototype testing in actual engines. Of the compositions, calcium magnesium zirconium phosphate (zircon system) exhibits the most desirable properties and is presently being developed for commercialization.
Date: September 1, 1994
Creator: Hirschfeld, D.A. & Brown, J.J. Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 57, Ed. 1 Monday, April 18, 1994 (open access)

The Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 57, Ed. 1 Monday, April 18, 1994

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 18, 1994
Creator: Watson, Milo W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 144, Ed. 1 Friday, July 29, 1994 (open access)

The Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 144, Ed. 1 Friday, July 29, 1994

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: July 29, 1994
Creator: Watson, Milo W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 51, Ed. 1 Monday, April 11, 1994 (open access)

Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 101, No. 51, Ed. 1 Monday, April 11, 1994

Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: April 11, 1994
Creator: Watson, Milo W.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History